The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed a serious risk with pre-existing health conditions. This study was conducted to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practices concerning COVID-19 among patients with chronic illnesses in Bangladesh during the pandemic. The study was conducted in Khulna city of Bangladesh following a qualitative research design. We employed telephone interviews to collect data from 40 participants with four common pre-existing chronic illnesses (diabetes, hypertension, respiratory/asthma, and heart disease). Findings show that the majority of the participants had a moderate level of knowledge and an overall positive attitude regarding COVID-19 but appropriate safety practices were often ignored as the pandemic grows older. We also observed that the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 varied based on age, marital status, education, social class, and rural/urban residence. We concluded that improving medical advice/support, promotion of awareness through mass media, strict monitoring of protective measures and subsidies from the government, and self-consciousness could be effective strategies to mitigate the transmission of the disease and reduce risks for patients with chronic illness in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The objective of the study was to investigate the use of social networking sites as medium of instruction at tertiary level during COVID-19 in Bangladesh. All the participants were from various public universities in Bangladesh. Data was collected from both faculty members and students Major findings of the study reveal that (1) Most of the people use Facebook for social networking in Bangladesh; (2) Most of the students and teachers use cellular data for social networking; (3) Most of the faculty members think social networking site is a very easy medium to communicate with students; (4) Anywhere, anytime teaching-learning can be possible with the help of social networking; (5) Most of the respondents think that the students of rural areas in Bangladesh had fewer access in social networking sites due to lack of network support and technology. Ultimately, social networking site can be a very useful tool for teaching-learning in emergency situations where face to face teaching-learning is not possible.

In South Asia, numerous slum children were deprived of education upon several socio-economic grounds, and many children still dropout of non-formal schools despite receiving free non-formal education. This study aims to explore the reasons for dropping out of non-formal schools and the socio-demographic situation of slum children in Dhaka City. Fifty non-formal dropout slum children were selected conveniently as participants employing a mixed research design. A semi-structured schedule of questionnaire and interview was used as instruments for collecting data. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected simultaneously to explore the slum children's dropout situation. Twelve reasons of their dropout have been reported. In addition to explaining the reasons for their dropping out, two frameworks were presented in detail. Most slum non-formal students dropped out of their schools for the pulling out factors and reasons related to household. Recommendations for reducing slum children's school dropout and persuasive strategies for future work in this field have been addressed. Keywords: Non-formal School, Dropout, Slum Children, Non-formal Education.

As the multimedia classroom gained enormous importance from the government of Bangladesh to modernize the educational system, this study initiated the objective to investigate the state of those classrooms at secondary schools. The study used a mixed-method approach with qualitative and quantitative data to explore the execution and possible improvements for those multimedia classes. Five secondary schools were selected purposively from each of the two districts named Sylhet and Cumilla. From these ten schools, hundred students and hundred assistant teachers were selected randomly to conduct ten focus group discussions (FGD) with each of the two groups. Moreover, ten interviews were conducted with the head teachers. Besides those, classrooms were observed while the multimedia was in use, along with a case study in a school. Although head teachers and assistant teachers mentioned many classes using multimedia, the students' words and observed class information gave alternative facts. Almost similar types of outcomes were found regarding digital content development, monitoring, and mentoring activities. While teachers were optimistic about the quality of digital content and classroom teaching, researchers found those to be less standard. In terms of monitoring the multimedia classroom, the majority of head teachers were more concerned about the number of multimedia used in the classroom due to administrative obligations than the quality.

This study attempts to trace the effects of online classes on the students of public universities in Bangladesh. Through a quantitative research design, 500 university students who are currently studying in various public universities are selected conveniently, and through a qualitative research design, 50 students are selected purposively. A semi-structured questionnaire and interviews over the phone are used as tools for collecting data. Most of the tertiary level students attended classes from town and from their parents’ houses but the matter of great sorrow is that due to network unavailability, some of the students have to participate in classes from the field or local markets. Most of the students attended online classes from town or metropolitan areas because of a lack of network facilities. The students from villages found it difficult to attend the online classes in most of the cases. Again, most students used smartphones to attend online classes though some have no smartphone or no laptop. Furthermore, this study also attempted to find solutions to mitigate the hindrance behind online classes – most of the respondents suggested making an emergency education policy framework to mitigate the challenge. Again most of the students feel consequences after attending online classes like neck pain, ear pain, shoulder pain, and blurry vision etc. Most of the students do not enjoy attending online classes. Most tertiary-level students think that it is more difficult to learn online than traditional learning. The most important thing is Government of Bangladesh should offer adequate and strong networking access along with device support to the students of all classes and races to make online classes effective and sustainable and also to confront the challenges created in this pandemic period.