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The performance of non‐fullerene, polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic devices has a significant correlation with the molecular morphology of the donor and acceptor. The authors show that small organic molecules coordinated to a metal oxide, an electron transport seed layer (ETSL), can profoundly modify the donor:acceptor molecular morphology of inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Using grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS), the authors show that a PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F BHJ active layer has a higher degree of face‐on molecular alignment on ETSL‐1 (biphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid, coordinated to ZnO), whilst for naphthalene‐2,6‐dicarboxylic acid coordinated to ZnO (ETSL‐2), it is reduced. Devices of PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F BHJ prepared on ETSL‐1 had a 19.91% increase in the average power conversion efficiency (PCE), a 1.56% increase in the fill factor (FF), and a 16.66 ± 0.2% enhancement in the short circuit current density. The observed improvements are believed to be due to significant modifications to the oxide‐BHJ interfacial region of ETSL‐1, namely the elimination of nano‐ridges and defect centers, along with an enhanced wettability. These factors can be correlated with the enhanced device performances, leading to the conclusion that the modulation of the molecular morphology of donor:acceptor blends by ETSL‐1 has a broad impact on improving OPV cell efficiencies.

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Background: Migraine is a disabling primary headache disorder and metabolic syndrome is a major escalating public-health challenge worldwide. They share some common pathophysiology. But till date, their relationship is obscure. Methods: This study was conducted in headache clinic and inpatient-outpatient department of Neurology and Biochemistry laboratory of BSMMU, from June 2017 to February 2019. In these age-sex matched case control study, 30 migraine patient and equal number non migraine volunteer were taken according to inclusion exclusion criteria. Waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured among all. Results: In this case control study, 24 women and 6 men were taken in both case and control groups, with mean age (±SD) of 32 (±7.77) and 30 (±8.46) years respectively. Metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among migraineurs (36.7% in case and 13.3% in control group respectively, p=0.037). Patient with metabolic syndrome had 3.763 times more chance of having migraine then person without metabolic syndrome [p=0.037, OR=3.763, 95% C.I. (1.038-13.646)]. Conclusion: There is an association between metabolic syndrome and migraine. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2018; Vol. 34 (1): 17-24