Background: Cattle are affected by many infectious and noninfectious diseases that can lead to economic losses to the farmers in terms of reduced growth and production performance and mortality. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of infectious and noninfectious diseases of cattle in Chittagong district of Bangladesh. Methods: A total of 2614 clinical cases were diagnosed at five different veterinary hospitals in Chittagong district of Bangladesh during the year 2013. Disease diagnosis was made on the basis of owner's statement, general examination, clinical signs, gross pathology, and laboratory procedures. Data were analyzed to determine disease prevalence in cattle with respect to breed, sex and season. Results: Diagnosed diseases were categorized as infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, digestive disorders, metabolic diseases, respiratory diseases and other diseases. According to our results, the prevalence of digestive disorders was the highest (45.14%) followed by parasitic diseases (30.64%), infectious diseases (9.49%), respiratory diseases (3.90%), metabolic diseases (3.18%) and other diseases (3.18%). Disease prevalence was highest in Cross-bred cattle (44. 23%) followed by Red Chittagong cattle (28.46%) and Non-descript Deshi (27.31%). Female were more susceptible to diseases (54.32%) than male cattle (45.68%). Disease prevalence varied according to seasons. Highest prevalence was recorded in summer season (37.49%) followed by rainy season (34.81%) and winter season (27.70%). Conclusions: Our large set of data on cattle disease prevalence in Chittagong district of Bangladesh provides valuable insight to design and implement priority based research on specific disease and to take efficient control strategies against the diseases.

Effectiveness study of sulfaclozine as anticoccidial drug by counting litter oocyst were carried out on a total of 12 broiler farms at Sirajgonj District in Bangladesh. For this study 12 broiler farms were selected randomly and kept under close observation for the natural outbreaks of coccidiosis in a period of one broiler crop grow out. Poultry rearing and farm management systems followed in all farms were almost same. Litter samples were collected following same procedure in every week throughout the experimental period both before and after treatment with four (04) commercially available sulfaclozine Na preparations. The number of oocysts per gram (OPG) of litter was calculated following McMaster method. Huge number of oocyst was counted after outbreaks but before treatment of coccidiosis in almost every farm and after treatment oocyst were found significantly (P ˂0.01) reduced in number. From the study it was concluded that use of sulfaclozine Na in the treatment and prevention of coccidiosis was found still now effective.

Antibiotics serve as essential medicines for raising broiler chicken meat in Bangladesh therefore it is important to find out whether is any misuse of antibiotics. The goal of this study is to scrutinize the commonly used antibiotics, in broiler industries, to evaluate factors govern farmers "selection of antibiotics" and to assess the status of poultry farmers knowledge about antibiotic resistant (ABR). A cross-sectional survey was conducted over a period of around one year among 50 broiler farms of about 25000 birds at Sylhet district in Bangladesh. Data revealed that Amoxicillin, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Azithromycin, Cephalexin, Erythromycin, Neomycin and Colistin were found most commonly used antibiotics. Majority poultry farmer's bear's very poor educational status and knowledge about farm management, did not follow the registered veterinarian suggestions and attained any training. They are totally unaware about antibiotics resistance and its impact on public health. No monitoring or surveillance concerning ABR and haphazard and misuse of antibiotics from any government and non-government organization were observed during the study period. It is concluded that, misuse and haphazard use of antibiotics is the normal feature at broiler farms in the study area of Bangladesh, which plays a major role in the egress public health crisis of ABR. Therefore, regulative authorities must take deligent steps to control the uses of antibiotics in broiler industries, to stop the misuse of antibiotics, to ensure proper veterinary service and building mass awareness about ABR and its impact on public health.

No abstract