The effect of industrial effluent on the oxidative stress of Puntius sophore (punti fish) tissue was investigated. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring lipid peroxide (LPO) and fatty acid profile as bioindicators. Punti fishes were collected from a river where textile mill effluent is discharged, as well as from fresh water as controls. Homogenized tissues were used for LPO, fatty acid, total cholesterol, phospholipid and protein measurements. LPO levels in both hepatic and extrahepatic tissues increased significantly in the industrial‐effluent‐exposed fish tissue as compared with those of the freshwater fish (control versus industrial‐effluent‐exposed fish: hepatic tissues, 54.0 ± 5.0 and 89.0 ± 9.0 nmol/mg protein; extrahepatic tissues, 52.0 ± 9.0 and 270 ± 16.0 nmol/mg protein). Five biologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n‐3), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n‐3), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n‐3), arachidonic acid (C20:4n‐6) and linolenic acid (C18:3n‐3), significantly decreased, and saturated fatty acid, stearic acid (C18:0), significantly increased in the effluent‐exposed fish tissue than those of the freshwater counterpart. Cholesterol level of industrial‐effluent‐exposed punti fish was 1.5‐fold lower than those of the freshwater fish. This study thus suggests that industrial effluent poses a threat, at least partially, through oxidative insult to fish tissues. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The study reported here indicates that fish exposed to industrial effluent induce a greater risk of oxidative stress with a resultant increased level of lipid peroxides. Consequently, if these fish with increased oxidative species are ingested by humans, they may cause physiological problems such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer involving disruption of cellular homeostasis. Therefore, an investigation about the oxidative stress of fish tissue in terms of lipid peroxidation could be of considerable significance in Third World countries where consumers remain unaware about the quality of the fish sold in the local markets and are ignorant of the oxidative stress and its consequences. The information of the present investigation may help in providing some preliminary information about the impact of unplanned industrialization on aquatic ecosystem.

The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the fluidity of the annular lipid regions and their associated membrane-bound proteins is still not as well understood as that in the global (bulk) lipid regions. We therefore studied the effects of dietary DHA on the relationship between annular and global lipid fluidity and membrane-bound enzymes such as 5 -nucleotidase and Mg 2 ؉ -ATPase in the rat bile canalicular membrane. Dietary DHA caused significant increases in 5nucleotidase and Mg 2 ؉ -ATPase activity and in global and annular lipid fluidity, a higher increase in fluidity in the annular lipids than the global lipids, and a decrease in the cholesterol-tophospholipid molar ratio in the canalicular membrane. Plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased, and fecal cholesterol increased in the DHA-fed rats. No changes were observed in oxidative markers, but glutathione peroxidase increased in the liver with DHA feeding. Annular lipid fluidity, but not global lipid fluidity, correlated remarkably well with DHA, synchronously with the activities of 5 -nucleotidase and Mg 2 ؉ -ATPase. The data indicate that the DHA-induced increase in annular lipid fluidity is responsible for the increases observed in the enzyme activity. We therefore concluded that the increased activity of membrane-bound enzymes and transporters induced by DHA and the concomitant increase in annular lipid fluidity comprise one of the mechanisms involved in DHA-induced clearance of plasma cholesterol. -

<p>The aim of this study was to examine the optimum time of rehabilitation initiation after stroke in terms of disabilities, mobility and fall risk assessment. Data were collected prospectively at seven tertiary level health care centers in Bangladesh during the 36 months period from 2013 to 2016. All respondents were divided into four groups based on the initiation of rehabilitation as: a) 0-24 hours, b) 25-72 hours, c) 4-7 days and d) 8-60 days. Results show that significant improvement on stroke recovery, disabilities reduction, improvement in mobility restriction and reduction of fall risks in all the four groups but more improvement was observed in 0-24 hour’s group during follow-up after 3 and 12 weeks. On multinomial logistic regression analysis, the independent factors shows the mobility restriction and fall risk were more in the younger patients, male gender, married, hemorrhagic lesion and bilateral stroke.</p>

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