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Background: Wedelia chinensis (W. chinensis) is a beneficial medicinal herb used in folk medicine to treat many chronic diseases. The present study is aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic property of methanolic extract of W. chinensis leaf (MEWL) in alloxan induced Swiss albino diabetic mice. Methods: Methanol was used as a solvent to obtain W. chinensis leaf extract. In vitro antidiabetic property of MEWL was revealed by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. To explore in vivo antidiabetic properties of MEWL, diabetes was induced in Swiss albino mice by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at dose of 80 mg/kg body weight (BW). All Swiss albino mice (normal mice and diabetic mice) were divided into five groups and orally treated with normal pellet diet and water (normal control and diabetic control), glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW and MEWL (100 and 200 mg/kg BW). Effects of MEWL on blood glucose levels, activity of liver function enzymes associated with diabetes and serum levels of lipid parameters were evaluated. Results: In α-amylase inhibition assay, 48.39% inhibition in the activity of α-amylase was observed at 500 μg/ml concentration of MEWL. Moreover, 39.37% inhibition of α-glucosidase activity was observed at 10 μg/ml concentration of MEWL. The results of in vivo antidiabetic assays showed that MEWL significantly (p < 0.01) decreased blood glucose level and ameliorated parameters of lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL, VLDL and HDL) in diabetic mice. MEWL treatments for 21 days also reduced the activity of SGPT and SGOT enzymes, and CRP levels in the serum of diabetic mice significantly (p < 0.01) compared to that of untreated diabetic mice. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that W. chinensis leaf extract effectively subsidized the hyperglycemic effect along with restoring the lipid profile parameters in diabetic mice and might be used as an alternative medicine for the management of diabetes.

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Background and aim: Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski (S. calendulacea) is a well-known medicinal plant that is widely used in traditional medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antineoplastic properties of S. calendulacea leaf. Experimental procedure: Methanol was used as a solvent to prepare leaf extract from the dried leaf of S. calendulacea (MESL). We have evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of MESL, and using five different assays; we have also evaluated the antioxidant property of MESL. In vivo antineoplastic activity of MESL against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells in experimental mice was also explored. Results: The phytochemical analysis of MESL exhibited the total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents in the dry extracts were 32.86 mg/gm of gallic acid equivalent and 127.26 mg/gm of catechin equivalent, respectively. Moreover, MESL also showed promising scavenging activity in all assays (IC 50 value !70.5 μg/mL). In the in vivo antineoplastic assay, MESL showed increased EAC cell death at the doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight. MESL administration also induced apoptosis of EAC cells, significantly inhibited EAC cell growth, and increased the life span of EAC cell-bearing mice compared to EAC cell-bearing control mice. Conclusions: All findings of this study suggest potential antioxidant and antineoplastic properties of MESL.

Aims: The current study aimed to explore in vitro antioxidant capacity and in vivo antidiabetic property of Citrus maxima leaf. Methods: Citrus maxima leaf extracts were prepared using methanol (MECML) and ethanol (EECML) in this study. Antioxidant capacity of both extracts was evaluated using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and ABTS free radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxicity of MECML and EECML was assessed by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. To explore the in vivo antidiabetic property of MECML and EECML, diabetic mellitus (DM) was induced in Swiss albino mice by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan. Then diabetic mice were treated with both extracts for 28 days. Effects of both extracts on serum levels of glucose, liver function enzymes, and parameters of lipid profile associated with DM were evaluated. Results: In TAC and FRAP assays, MECML and EECML represented gradually increased reducing capacity in a dose-dependent manner. In DPPH and ABTS assays, both extracts showed notable free radical scavenging activity with lower IC50 values. Additionally, MECML and EECML showed very low toxicity with LC50 values of 80.46 and 105.59 μg/mL, respectively in brine shrimp lethality assay. Moreover, both extracts significantly augmented altered levels of serum glucose, parameters of lipid profile, SGPT, SGOT, and C-reactive protein with the treatment of MECML and EECML.  Conclusion: This study suggests Citrus maxima leaf possesses significant antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and they might play a potential role to prevent diabetic mellitus and diabetic mellitus associated complications.