Neurofibroma (NF) is a benign tumour of the peripheral nervous system which is rare in head and neck region. Head and neck NF are mostly located in the soft tissue and rarely seen intraosseously. These may present either as solitary lesions or as part of the generalised syndrome of neurofibromatosis or von Recklinghausen's disease of the skin. The intraosseous ones are most commonly seen as solitary lesions, rather than part of neurofibromatosis. The following report describes a unique case of a solitary neurofibroma of the maxilla without generalised syndrome of neurofibromatosis in a male patient.

Quite a few lesions of the oral cavity specifically of the gingiva have a greater inclination towards women and mostly occur during the first four decades of life, the cause of which may be credited to the changing levels of sex hormones. Out of all such lesions, one lesion whose aetiology is still unclear and which originats from the periosteum or periodontal ligament is central giant cell granuloma. Repeatedly, it is has been described as a reactive lesion, the cause of which may be secondary to local irritants or trauma, specifically plaque or calculus, which is not considered to be a true neoplasm. Here we present a case of a 51-year-old female patient with aggressive gingival growth within 10–13 months of hormonal replacement therapy. The aetiology, histological features and appropriate treatment are discussed in the light of current literature.

Cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion which belongs to the same category of fibrous dysplasia and cement-ossifying dysplasia. It arises from the periodontal membrane which contains multipotent cells that are capable of forming cementum, lamellar bone, and fibrous tissue. It is more common in the mandible than in the maxilla. We present a case of COF in the maxilla, a rare occurrence in a 66-year-old female with the chief complaint of a swelling in the left upper back tooth region for the past 3 years. A panoramic radiograph was taken, which showed an oval radiopaque lesion in the second quadrant from 24 to maxillary tuberosity. In the maxilla, the clinical and radiological differential diagnosis includes fibrous dysplasia, giant cell lesions, cementoblastoma, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, and peripheral giant cell granuloma. It is sharply circumscribed and demarcated from the surrounding bone, so surgical excision is the treatment of choice.