The proportion of items spontaneously relayed increased from 54% without the checklist to 98% when using the checklist (p < 0.0001). More than 90% of participants felt that the checklist increased handover efficiency and communication skills. All participants stated that the handovers were more thorough with the checklist and that they would incorporate it into their daily practice. Intraoperative anaesthesiology handovers are especially challenging because of concurrent management of the patient DISCUSSION: With the intervention of the checklist, our results show that the use of a standardised intraoperative checklist improved the transfer of important patient information among anaesthesia trainees.

Background: Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a heightened sensitivity to subsequent stressors, addictive drugs, and symptom recurrence, a form of behavioral sensitization. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are involved in the establishment and activation of sensitized behavior.Objective: We describe a protocol of a randomized placebo-controlled Phase 1b proofof-mechanism trial to examine target engagement, safety, tolerability, and possible efficacy of the NMDAR antagonist lanicemine in individuals with symptoms of PTSD (Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS-5] score ≥ 25) and evidence of behavioral sensitization measured as enhanced anxiety-potentiated startle (APS; T-score ≥ 2.8).Methods: Subjects (n = 24; age range 21-65) receive three 60-min intravenous infusions of placebo or 100 mg lanicemine over 5 non-consecutive days. Primary endpoint is change in APS from pre-treatment baseline to after the third infusion. NMDAR engagement is probed with resting state EEG gamma band power, 40 Hz auditory steady state response, the mismatch negativity amplitude, and P50 sensory gating. Change in CAPS-5 scores is an exploratory clinical endpoint. Bayesian statistical methods will evaluate endpoints to determine suitability of this agent for further study. Conclusion:In contrast to traditional early-phase trials that use symptom severity to track treatment efficacy, this study tracks engagement of the study drug on expression of behavioral sensitization, a functional mechanism likely to cut across disorders. This experimental therapeutics design is consistent with recent NIMH-industry collaborative Frontiers in Psychiatry | www.frontiersin.org STuDy PROTOCOL

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Advanced rheumatic heart disease (RHD) with end stage sequelae is rarely seen in the United States. We report a complex case of a patient with advanced RHD complicated by Tricuspid stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral stenosis, and pulmonary hypertension in the setting of acute heart failure who undergoes urgent double valve replacement surgery. There are many notable complex interactions of the pathologies in patients with RHD who need to go on cardiac bypass.