Surgery for cataracts with delayed presentation helps to regain functional vision, which can be used for navigation and low vision aids.

Purpose: To assess the use of smartphone-based direct ophthalmoscope photography for screening of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in known diabetic patients walking into a general practitioner's clinic and referring them to a vitreoretinal specialist for further evaluation and management if required. Methodos: The study included 94 eyes of 47 walk-in patients in a general practitioner's OPD who were known to have type 2 diabetes mellitus and were already on treatment for the same. Results: The study included 47 patients with diabetes with a mean age of 56.2 ± 9.4 years. The Cohen's kappa values revealed that the diagnosis related to the DR status made using a camera was in substantial agreement with the clinical diagnosis (Kappa value: 0.770). The Cohen's kappa values revealed that the diagnosis related to the DME made using a camera was in moderate agreement with the clinical diagnosis (Kappa value: 0.410). The agreement between the findings of the camera and clinical diagnosis was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Direct ophthalmoscope-based smartphone imaging can be a useful tool in the OPD of a general practitioner. These images can be assessed for retinopathy, and patients can be referred to a vitreoretinal specialist for further evaluation and management if needed. Hence, the burden of vision loss due to complications of DR in the rural sector can be abridged.

Purpose: To compare readings of intraocular pressure (IOP) taken with the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), the non-contact tonometer (NCT), and the rebound tonometer (RBT), and to compare their correlation with central corneal thickness (CCT). Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study to which patients above 18 years of age were enrolled. A total of 400 eyes of 200 non-glaucomatous patients underwent IOP recordings using the GAT, NCT, and RBT, and CCT was also noted. Informed consent of the patients was taken. The IOP readings taken via the three methods were compared and correlated with CCT. Paired t test was used to compare the two devices. Simple and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to study the relationship between factors. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Correlation was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and a Bland–Altman graph was plotted. Results: Mean IOP measured by the NCT was 15.65 ± 2.80 mmHg, by the RBT was 14.23 ± 3.05 mmHg, and by the GAT was 14.69 ± 2.97 mmHg. The mean CCT was 510.61 ± 33.83 microns. The difference between mean IOP recorded by the NCT and that by the RBT was 1.41 ± 2.39 mmHg, between the NCT and GAT was 0.95 ± 2.03 mmHg, and between the GAT and RBT was 0.45 ± 2.22 mmHg. The difference between the IO P values was statistically significant ( P < 0.005). All tonometers showed a statistically significant correlation with CCT, but it was observed that the NCT had a stronger correlation (0.4037). Conclusion: The IOP readings taken by all the three methods were comparable; however, RBT values were closer to GAT values. CCT did influence the IOP values, and this should be kept in mind while evaluating.