Background: To compare the type of wound infection of single dose versus conventional (multiple doses) antibiotic use in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in terms of SSI Methods: This study was carried out in the department of General Surgery Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla (H.P.) on patients admitted with radiologically proven cholelithiasis. Results: In SD group out of 03 patients who developed wound sepsis all were having Superficial incisional SSI and in C group also all patients (02) who developed wound sepsis had superficial incisional SSI. Conclusion: The type of infection wise difference in both groups was found insignificants. Keywords: Superfical, Deep, Gallstone, Wound sepsis

Background: Laparoscopic nephrectomy has been established as the standard of care for the management of benign non-functioning kidneys and has gained worldwide popularity over the past decade. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of General surgery, Indira Gandhi medical college, Shimla on 20 selected patients of benign non functional kidney admitted for elective Laparoscopic Nephrectomy between July 2018 to June 2019 Results: Less than 100 ml of blood was lost in 3(15%) of the patient. 100 to 200 ml was lost in 9(45%) and in 3(15%) patients 200 to 300 ml blood was lost and 5 (25%) had blood loss more than 300 ml. The mean blood loss in successful laparoscopic nephrectomy was 129 +123 ml and in lap converted to open was 435.7 + 174.9 ml. which is significantly less in successful lap nephrectomy which is statistically significant with a p-value of o.oo3 Conclusion: Mean blood loss in laparoscopic nephrectomy was 145 +144 ml and in converted cases, it was 350+200 ml.  mean blood loss in hydronephrotic kidney was 145+ 144.2 ml in pyonephrotic kidney 325+ 318 in end stage nephrolithiasis  350+ 200  ml .There was more  blood loss in ESRD and pyonephrotic  kidney due   to dense adhesion whereas blood loss is less in hydronephrotic kidney due to well maintained plane for dissection . Keywords: Laparoscopy, Nephrectomy, Blood loss

No abstract

Background: Laparoscopic nephrectomy has been established as the standard of care for the management of benign non-functioning kidneys and has gained worldwide popularity over the past decade. Methods- This study was conducted in the Department of General surgery, Indira Gandhi medical college, Shimla on 20 selected patients of benign non functional kidney admitted for elective Laparoscopic Nephrectomy between July 2018 to June 2019 Results: In this study, the mean operating time in success full laparoscopic nephrectomies was 103.7 + 20.6 min in lap converted to open it was    165 .7 +26.99 min and in hand-assisted tame taken was 150 min which is statically not significant with p value =0.1317. Conclusion: The mean time taken for completion of laparoscopic nephrectomy in first 4 cases was 105 min and in next 4 cases was 108 min and in last 4 cases it was 97 min there was definitive learning curve as in last 4 cases operating time was less as compared to initial cases but operating time also depends on other factors like in hydronephrotic kidney due to well maintained plane dissection take less time ,but in  pyonephrotic kidney ,tubercular kidney,previously intervension like PCN, there were dense adhesion resulting in more time for disection. Keywords: Laparoscopy, Nephrectomy, Duration of surgery

Background: To compare the efficacy of single dose versus conventional (multiple doses) antibiotic use in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in terms of SSI Methods: This study was carried out in the department of General Surgery Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla (H.P.) on patients admitted with radiologically proven cholelithiasis. Results: In SD group of patients out of 50 patients, 03 patients (6%) developed wound sepsis and in C group 02 patients (4%) developed wound sepsis. P value was 0.65 which is statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The wound sepsis wise difference in both groups was found insignificants. Keywords: Single dose, Conventional, Gallstone, Wound sepsis