In this project, nanocomposite films were prepared with different Titanium dioxide (TiO2) percentages. Properties of polycarbonate (PC) and PC–TiO2 nanocomposite films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The structure of samples was studied by XRD. The mechanical properties of PC–TiO2 nanocomposite films were investigated by conducting tensile tests and hardness measurements. Thermal stability of the nanocomposites was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) method. The elastic modulus of the composite increased with increasing weight fraction of nanoparticles. The microhardness value increases with increasing TiO2 nanoparticles. The results of tensile testing were in agreement with those of micro-hardness measurements. In addition, TGA curves showed that nanocomposite films have higher resistance to thermal degradation compared to polycarbonate. There are many reports related to the modification of polycarbonate films, but still a systematic study of them is required.

In this study, by using the first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT), the electronic aspects of GeP2S monolayer under the effect of buckling variation parameter (μ = 0, 2, 4, 6) are theoretically investigated by the PBE-GGA approximation method, and the obtained results have been compared with previous similar structures. We presented the imaginary part of the dielectric function and absorption spectra for in-plane and out-of-plane polarization of GeP2S monolayer by PBE, HSE06, and TD-HSE06 methods. Also, optical aspects for this 2D nanostructure are presented in out-of-plane polarization under buckling variation conditions up to μ = 6. It was shown that particularly for the range of visible light spectrum its optical behaviors match with its electronic ones. Consequently, the obtained results suggest GeP2S as a suitable material for designing optoelectronic devices.

The laser‐generated deuteron beam is a promising scheme for providing the required energy for igniting a pre‐compressed fuel in the fast ignition method in the inertial confinement fusion approach. Deuteron beam provides extra energy through beam‐fusion(BF) reactions during the hot‐spot formation in the pre‐compressed fuel. During the compression and hot‐spot formation stages, Impurities are produced due to the mixing of the fuel with the material of the structural elements of the target. So, the efficiency of BF of the deuteron beam in a spherical deuteron‐triton(DT) fuel in the presence of impurity (such as beryllium, carbon, aluminium, and gold) with arbitrary concentration is investigated. Deuteron beam was considered with Maxwellian energy distribution at a temperature of 3 MeV, which passes through the pre‐compressed contaminated DT fuel with a non‐uniform density profile. It shows that an increase of mixed‐ion charge state and density ratio results in the substantial diminution of the deuteron BF probability, which leads to a reduction in deuteron's extra bonus energy. The effect of fuel temperature on the BF probability in contaminated DT fuel is discussed. Calculations show that increasing the temperature enhanced BF probability.

Conditions for self-sustained burning of deuterium-helium3 as an advanced fuel in a degenerate regime have been investigated by the four temperature theory. The four temperature theory can describe the radiation field more accurately than the three temperature model. According to the four temperature theory, the photon distribution undergoes a transition from an optically thick to optically thin regime at a certain cut-off energy. The main goal of this research is to determine the critical burn-up parameter for deuterium-helium3 fuel in the degenerate regime in which the ion-electron energy exchange and the bremsstrahlung loss are smaller than those of the classic plasma. To prevent high tritium breeding via deuterium-deuterium and deuterium-tritium reactions, the utilization of equimolar deuterium-helium3 fuel is avoided.

Conditions for thermonuclear burn-up of an equimolar mixture of deuterium-tritium in non-equilibrium plasma have been investigated by four temperature theory. The photon distribution shape significantly affects the nature of thermonuclear burn. In three temperature model, the photon distribution is Planckian but in four temperature theory the photon distribution has a pure Planck form below a certain cut-off energy and then for photon energy above this cut-off energy makes a transition to Bose-Einstein distribution with a finite chemical potential. The objective was to develop four temperature theory in a plasma to calculate the critical burn up parameter which depends upon initial density, the plasma components initial temperatures, and hot spot size. All the obtained results from four temperature theory model are compared with 3 temperature model. It is shown that the values of critical burn-up parameter calculated by four temperature theory are smaller than those of three temperature model.