Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common and diabetic patients are at increased risk for UTI. UTI may be complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI).the world. 3-6 Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains are an ever increasing problem 7-9 and diabetic patients with long duration and poor glycaemic control are at increased risk for UTI due to ESBL-positive organisms. 5,10 UTI may be complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI) and sepsis. 3 This study was designed to evaluate whether UTI due to ESBL-positive organisms should be considered as a risk factor for AKI in type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods:This case-control study was done in the Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Nephrology of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from April to June 2016. Hospitalized patients with a clinical diagnosis of UTI were initially enrolled for the study purpose. A clean catch technique was applied for urine (preferably early morning midstream specimen) collection.

with DM, 5 % CVA, 4.07 % CKD, 2.8 % with end stage kidney disease (ESKD), 2.5 % with lung disease, 1.49 % with infections and 0.53% with malignancy, as shown in table 2 and figure 2.Conclusions: SLE patients have a great burden of various medical comorbidities at time of diagnosis and hence may present with CKD, ESKD and even requiring renal replacement therapy at the initial encounter with health-care professionals. Strengthen the health system at primary level and education of public and health workforce is the main challenge to further reduce the risk of these comorbidities and the consequences.

Type of vascular access is an important determinant of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving haemodialysis. Though arterio-venous fistula is the optimum choice, yet patients often require central venous catheters for temporary use or sometimes as a breezing option. Central venous catheters may be complicated by sepsis, one of the most common and dreadful complications; intra-atrial thrombus formation is not uncommon and in many instances remain asymptomatic and hence unrecognized. Here, we report a case of intra-atrial thrombi complicating a young boy receiving haemodialysis through central venous catheter, who was managed successfully with combination of anti-coagulation, intravenous antibiotics and catheter removal. BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 223-225

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