Abstract-We develop a novel localization theory for planar networks of nodes that measure each other's relative position, i.e., we assume that nodes do not have the ability to perform measurements expressed in a common reference frame. We begin with some basic definitions of frame localizability and orientation localizability. Based on some key kinematic relationships, we characterize orientation localizability for networks with angle-of-arrival sensing. We then address the orientation localization problem in the presence of noisy measurements. Our first algorithm computes a least-square estimate of the unknown node orientations in a ring network given angle-ofarrival sensing. For arbitrary connected graphs, our second algorithm exploits kinematic relationships among the orientation of node in loops in order to reduce the effect of noise. We establish the convergence of the algorithm, and through some simulations we show that the algorithm reduces the meansquare error due to the noisy measurements.

No abstract

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms, quality of sleep, quality of life and the predictive factors affecting quality of sleep in patients diagnosed with nasal septal deviation (NSD). Patients and Methods:Forty male patients (mean age 22.3±1.4 years; range 21 to 26 years) who admitted to the otorhinolaryngology (ORL) clinic of the Ağrı Military Hospital and diagnosed with NSD as a result of a through ORL examination between February 2009 and April 2009 and 36 healthy volunteer (mean age 21.7±1.0 years; range 21 to 25 years) controls, were included in this study. Preand postoperative evaluations were performed using the Quality of Life Scale (Short Form-36/SF-36), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Symptom Check List Revised (SCL-90-R).Results: All patients and controls completed pre-and postoperative evaluations. No complications occurred. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the quality of sleep measures, in the SCL-90-R subscales of somatization, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, hostility, paranoid thought, and psychoticism, additional scales and in physical health dimension of SF-36 Quality of Life Scale. Conclusion:Psychiatric symptoms are more common in patients with nasal septal deviation when compared to healthy controls. The impairments in nasal breathing in patients with NSD may cause a decline in the physical dimension of quality of life and a marked impairment in sleep quality.Key Words: Nasal septal deviation; psychiatric symptoms; quality of life; quality of sleep. Sonuç: Sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında, psikiyatrik semptomlar nazal septal deviyasyonlu hastalarda daha fazladır. Nazal septal deviyasyonlu hastalarda nasal solunumla ilgili bozukluklar, yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel boyutunda azalmaya ve uyku kalitesinde belirgin kötüleşmeye neden olabilmektedir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Nazal septal deviyasyon; psikiyatrik semptomlar; yaşam kalitesi; uyku kalitesi.