This study aims to investigate the effect of relative age effect on the development of fundamental movement skills in boys and girls. Data were collected from primary school first grade 22 boys and 33 girls students aged 5-6 years. Three age groups have been formed as 68-76, 77-80 and 81-89 months for boys, 71-75, 76-80 and 81-84 months for girls, respectively. Fundamental movement skill levels have been determined by the Test of Gross Motor Development. This study showed that the body height of boys and the body mass index of girls were significantly differentiated according to age groups. Only leap in male and side gallop skill in females were also significantly differentiated according to age groups. The limited effect of the relative age effect in this study may be due to the inactive lifestyle of children, the lack of pre-school movement education, and interactions between inadequate socio-economic and environmental conditions in Turkey.

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Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye Spor Toto Süper Lig 2012-2013 sezonunda mücadele eden takımların yaptıkları maçlarda aldıkları galibiyet, beraberlik ve mağlubiyetlerin, sonuca etki edebilecek farklı parametrelere göre değerlendirmesini yapmaktır. Araştırmaya kaynaklık eden veriler %1,5 hata payı oranıyla MathBall yazılımını kullanarak maç analiz hizmeti veren tr.matchstudy.com internet sitesinden temin edilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel yönden değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 21.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Normal dağılım göstermeyen galibiyet, beraberlik ve mağlubiyet verilerine Kruskal Wallis testi yapıldı. Bonferroni düzeltmesi yapılarak hangi gruplar arasında fark olduğuna bakıldı (p=0.0166). Normal dağılım gösteren verilerin galibiyet, beraberlik ve mağlubiyet verilerine One-way Anova testi yapıldı. Anlamlı farklılık içeren parametrelerin arasındaki ilişkiye Tukey testi ile bakıldı. Çalışmada, takımların oynadığı maç sonuçlarının galibiyet, beraberlik ve mağlubiyetle bitmesiyle hücum bölgesinde topla oynama yüzdeleri karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak herhangi bir anlamlılık ifade etmediği görüldü (p>0.05). Takımların yaptıkları pas sayılarına bakıldığında; mağlup olan takımların galip gelen takımlara göre daha fazla pas yaptığı ancak bu pasları anlamlı fark yaratacak şekilde olumsuz pas olarak kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak takımların oynadığı maç sonuçlarında, yapılan pasların, ceza sahasına atılan topların, kaleye atılan şutların etkisi olduğu görüldü. Toplam pas ve ceza sahasına atılan toplam top gibi bazı parametrelerde mağlup olan takımların daha yüksek oranlara sahip olduğu ama girişimlerinin genellikle başarısızlıkla sonuçlandığı belirlenmiştir. Galip gelmek için önemli olanın, topu fazla kullanmak değil daha etkili ve sonuca yönelik olarak kullanmak olduğu söylenebilir.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Pilates, Step and Zumba exercises on muscle and fat weight in arms, legs, core abdominal area, and total body.A total of 60 women aged 19 to 62 participated in the study. The mean age was 45±10 years, height was 160±5 cm and weight was 72.31±11.12 kg. Pilates, Step and Zumba exercise program was applied three days a week for a total of 12 weeks. Regional and total muscle and fat weights in the body were analyzed by TANITA MC780. Statistical significance level was determined as p<0.05. In the Pilates exercises group, there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-posttest muscle weights of the arms, core abdominal area and total body (p<0.05) except legs (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between pre-posttest muscle weights in arms, legs, core abdominal area and total body in Step and Zumba exercises group (p>0.05). In Pilates and Step exercise groups, there is a statistically significant difference between pre-posttest fat weights in arms, legs, core abdominal area and total body (p<0.05) except Zumba groups (p>0.05). Pilates, Step and Zumba exercises groups were evaluated among themselves, there was no difference in terms of the arm, leg, core abdominal area, and total body muscle weights both in the pre-post tests (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between all groups in terms of the arm, leg, core abdominal area and total body fat weights in both pre-posttests (p<0.05).Pilates and Step exercises can be recommended to women who want to reduce their weight on arms, legs, core abdominal area and total body fat lose weight.

The aim of this study is to investigate motor performance of children by age and gender. A total of 160 children (80 girls and 80 boys) participated in this study voluntarily. Children were divided into 4 groups according to their gender (girls and boys) and age (11 and 12 years). One Way ANOVA and LSD tests were used. There were statistically significant differences in height and weight in all groups. Sit and reach, sit-up, 30 meter sprint and bent arm hang tests results showed that there were statistically significant differences between girls and boys in all age groups. There was no statistically significant difference in plate tapping test. According to the results of the flamingo balance test, a statistically significant difference was found between the age groups. The standing long jump results from 12 year old boys and 11 year old girls are more than the 11 year old boys and 12 year old girls. Participants anthropometric and motor performance test results were among the normal values. Physical characteristics and motor performance parameters vary by age and gender.