Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of mirabegron in females with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms after surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Materials and Methods The study was conducted with a prospective, randomized and double-blinded design. 62 patients over the age of 40 who met the inclusion-exclusion criterias of the study were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups as Group A (mirabegron 50mg) and B (solifenacin 5mg). Patients were compared based on efficacy of treatment [Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) scale and micturition diaries], safety of treatment (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, adverse events), number of micturitions per day, patient’s satisfaction status after treatment [Visual Analog Scale(VAS)] and quality of life.Results The mean age of the population was 48.2±3.8 years and the duration of OAB symptoms was 5.9±2.9 months. Baseline values for the mean number of micturitions, volume voided in each micturition, nocturia episodes, urgency and urgency incontinence episodes were 15.3±0.34, 128±3.88mL, 3.96±1.67, 5.72±1.35 and 4.22±0.69, respectively. After treatment, values for these parameters were 11.7±0.29, 164.7±2.9mL, 2.25±0.6, 3.38±0.71, 2.31±0.49 respectively. Quality of life score, symptom bother score, VAS for treatment satisfaction score, PPBC score after treatment were 66.1±0.85, 43.7±0.77, 4.78±0.14, 4.78±0.14, respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups on any parameter. However, mirabegron showed better tolerability than solifenacin, particularly after 6 months.Conclusion Mirabegron is safe, effective and tolerable in the long-term treatment of females with OAB symptoms after surgery for stress urinary incontinence.

To differentiate ureteral stones and phleboliths by measuring density [as Hounsfield unit (HU)] and volume (as mm) of the opacities in the bony pelvis on unenhanced computerized tomography (U-CT). A total of 52 patients, who underwent semirigid ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy for distal ureteral stone and had isochoronous phleboliths in U-CT, were included. Images were reviewed for density and volume of the opacities. Data were compared, and a cut-off value was defined with receiver operating characteristics curve analysis to differentiate the nature of the opacity. Using the cut-off values of 171 mm³ for volume (sensitivity 75 %, specificity 100 %) and 643 HU for density (sensitivity 75 %, specificity 93 %), differentiation between stone and phlebolith was achieved. Differentiation of pelvic opacities needs meticulous observation with certain signs on U-CT. On the other hand, our study offers a new method, with certain cut-off values, such as 643 HU and 171 mm, which can be used to precisely predict the actual nature of opacities of interest.

Objective To present a nation‐wide analysis of the workload of urology departments in Turkey week‐by‐week during Covid‐19 pandemic. Methodology The centers participating in the study were divided into three groups as tertiary referral centers, state hospitals and private practice hospitals. The number of outpatients, inpatients, daily interventions and urological surgeries were recorded prospectively between 9‐March‐2020 and 31‐May‐2020. All these variables were recorded for the same time interval of 2019 as well. The weekly change of the workload of urology during pandemic period was evaluated; also the workload of urology and the distributions of certain urological surgeries were compared between the pandemic period and the same time interval of the year 2019. Results A total of 51 centers participated in the study. The number of outpatients, inpatients, urological surgeries and daily interventions were found to be dramatically decreased by the third week of pandemics in state hospitals and tertiary referral centers; however the daily urological practice were similar in private practice hospitals throughout the pandemic period. When the workload of urology in pandemic period and the same time interval of the year 2019 were compared; a huge decrease was observed in all variables during pandemic period. However, temporary measures like ureteral stenting, nephrostomy placement and percutaneous cystostomy have been found to increase during Covid‐19 pandemic compared to normal life. Conclusions Covid‐19 pandemic significantly effected the routine daily urological practice likewise other subspecialties and priority was given to emergent and non‐deferrable surgeries by urologists in concordance with published clinical guidelines.

Objectives: To assess if a standard hydration protocol will achieve voided volumes over 150 mL and more reliable uroflowmetry results. Methods: This is a single-blinded crossover study of 40 patients with benign prostatic obstruction and 34 healthy volunteers. Subjects were enrolled prospectively between January and March 2019. All subjects performed two randomly ordered uroflowmetry tests. One test was performed when subjects sensed their bladder was full and had the urge to void and another one after emptying the bladder and ingesting 1.5 L of water within 1 hour (prehydration). Uroflowmetry parameters were compared between the benign prostatic obstruction group and the healthy volunteers. Uroflowmetry results were categorized as reliable, residual, and suboptimal with respect to voided volumes. This study has been registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000035446). Results: The benign prostatic obstruction group and the healthy volunteer group presented no difference in respect of uroflowmetry test reliability (P = .459). Uroflowmetry results were reliable in 58 (78.4%) subjects in the prehydrated group and was reliable in 30 (40.5%) subjects in the non-prehydrated group. The difference was statistically significant (P < .05). In the benign prostatic obstruction group and healthy volunteer group, the rate of reliable uroflowmetry tests was significantly higher with prehydration (P < .05). The comparative analysis of uroflowmetry parameters between tests performed with and without prehydration revealed higher values in the prehydrated group (voided volume, maximum flow rate, average flow rate, and postvoiding residual volume; P < .05). Conclusion: Prehydration of patients with 1.5 L of water within 1 hour before uroflowmetry improves uroflowmetry outcomes. By this hydration protocol, the chance to obtain a voided volume over 150 mL is increased significantly.

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