Objectives: To investigate the effects of smartphone overuse on headache, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and quality of life in migraine patients. Methods: This study is a single-center, cross sectional comparative study. This study was conducted between July and September 2017 in the Neurology Clinic of a private hospital. Migraine disability assessment)MIDAS(questionnaire was used to evaluate the disability status, and Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale)MPPUS(was used to evaluate smartphone use frequency. The Visual Analogue Scale)VAS(, 24-h Migraine Quality of Life Questionnaire)24-h MQoLQ(, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index)PSQI(and Epworth Sleepiness Scale)ESS(were used to evaluate the pain intensity, quality of life, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, respectively. Results: The study included a total of 123 patients. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of pain intensity, frequency and duration as well as VAS, PSQI, 24-h MQoLQ and ESS)p<0.05(scores. There was a negative correlation between MPPUS and PSQI)r=−0.367, p<0.05(; a strong positive correlation between MPPUS and ESS)r=0.675, p<0.05(and a negative correlation between MPPUS and 24-h MQoLQ)r=−0.508, p<0.05(. Conclusion: Smartphone use has been observed to increase headache duration and frequency in migraine patients. Its overuse in migraine patients is related to poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness; furthermore, as the smartphone use increases, sleep quality decreases, daytime sleepiness increases and quality of life decreases.

The etiology of ischemic stroke affects its prognosis, outcome and management. Our aims were to determine risk factors, clinical and imaging variables and prognostic differences in acute ischemic stroke subtypes. In this study, we prospectively investigated 264 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke between 1996 and 2000. All of the patients were categorized to one of four major ischemic stroke subtype based on TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) criteria. The mean age was greater in patients with stroke of undetermined etiology (SUE). Prevalence of hypertension was higher in patients with lacunar infarct (LAC) than other subtypes. Smoking was less frequent in patients with cardioembolism (CARD). The mean infarct size was largest in patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) while there were no differences in location or conversion of the infarct into hemorrhage. The proportion of the patients with milder neurological deficits at entry was higher in patients with LAC subtype. The rate of independent patients were different between subtypes: 62% in LAC, 43% in CARD, 38% in SUE, 35% in LAA at discharge ( p=0.01), and 91% in LAC, 69% in CARD, 59% in SUE, 60% in LAA at 6 months ( p<0.001). Recurrence rates were not different between groups. We conclude that risk factors, clinical imaging variables are different among ischemic stroke subtypes and that neurological status on admission and during follow-up strongly favors LAC.

There is no consensus in the literature on the effects of the development of hydrocephalus on survival and disability after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and the benefits of external ventricular drainage (EVD). In this open, prospective study, we investigated the clinical courses, radiological findings and outcome scores of 47 consecutive patients who were admitted to our clinic with spontaneous ICH. Hydrocephalus developed in 6 (12.8%) of the 47 patients, and EVD was applied in these 6 cases. In one of the 6 patients, the lesion was additionally excised due to the large cerebellar haematoma. Intraventricular haemorrhage was more common in patients developing hydrocephalus (83.3% vs. 29.3% in patients without hydrocephalus; p<0.05) and the lesions of all the patients were in the proximity of the ventricular system. Hospital mortality and functional outcome were not significantly different between patients with and without hydrocephalus. Our results shown that acute obstructive hydrocephalus should be anticipated if haematoma is near the ventricle or if it is opening to the ventricle. EVD is a life-saving and effective procedure that should be performed in patients who develop hydrocephalus following spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage.

Objectives:In this study, we aimed to investigate the causes and conditions related with progression and outcome of progressive acute ischemic stroke. Patients and methods:In this prospective study, a total of 78 acute ischemic stroke patients (32 males, 46 females; mean age 70±12.8 years; range 34 to 95 years) were included between February 2006 and October 2010. The patients were classified into two groups as those with and without progression according to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Risk factors for ischemic stroke, stroke subtypes, and radiological investigations and prognosis were compared between the progressive and non-progressive patients.Results: Neurological deterioration occurred in 12 patients (15%). Progressive acute ischemic stroke patients had carotid stenosis compared to non-progressive patients (50% vs 19%), and ischemic cardiac disease (33% vs 6%) more common in the patients with progression. Mortality during hospital stay and long term-outcomes were similar between the groups. Conclusion:Our study results suggest that widespread atherosclerotic diseases may induce neurological progression.

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