Abstract. On 6 February 2017 an earthquake swarm began at the western end of Turkey. This was the first recorded swarm in the Çanakkale region since continuous seismic monitoring began in 1970. The number of earthquakes located increased during the following 10 days. This paper describes the output of a survey carried out in the earthquake-prone towns in the area of Ayvacık, Çanakkale, Turkey, in February 2017 after the earthquakes. Observations of traditional buildings were made on site at the rural area of Ayvacık. A description of the main structural features and their effects on the most frequently viewed damage modes were made according to in-plane, out-of-plane behavior of the wall regarding construction practice, connection type, etc. It was found that there were no convenient connections like cavity ties or sufficient mortar strength resulting in decreased and/or lack of lateral load bearing capacity of the wall. Furthermore, distribution maps of damaged/undamaged buildings according to villages, damage ratios, structures and damage levels are generated. Distribution maps showed that damage ratio of structures is higher in villages close to epicenter and decrease away from epicenter except Gülpınar, where past experiences and development level affect the construction quality.

In the present study, the behaviour of infilled RC frames under earthquake loading is investigated numerically, and the influence of three different concrete material models on the in-plane behaviour of infilled RC frames is evaluated using the finite element analysis (FEA). For this reason, the efficiency of infilled walls is examined on full scale models. Finite element analysis results show that mathematical model of concrete may change behaviour of infilled RC frames. The post-peak behaviour is especially influenced. Key words: material model, Infill wall, reinforced concrete, finite element method Pregledni rad Mehmet Ömer Timurağaoğlu, Adem Doğangün, Ramazan Livaoğlu Usporedba i ocjena modela za simulaciju ponašanja AB okvira s ispunom pod bočnim opterećenjem U radu se numerički istražuje seizmičko ponašanje AB okvira s ispunom, te se proračunom konačnih elemenata (FEA) ocjenjuje utjecaj triju različitih betonskih modela na ravninsko ponašanje AB okvira s ispunom. U tu se svrhu učinkovitost ispune ocjenjuje na modelima u prirodnoj veličini. Rezultati proračuna konačnih elemenata pokazuju da matematički model betona može promijeniti ponašanje AB okvira s ispunom. Utjecaj je naročito značajan za ponašanje nakon vršnog opterećenja. Ključne riječi: materijalni model, ispunski zid, armirani beton, metoda konačnih elemenata Übersichtsarbeit Mehmet Ömer Timurağaoğlu, Adem Doğangün, Ramazan Livaoğlu Vergleich und Bewertung des Modells für die Simulation des Verhaltens von Stahlbetonrahmen mit Füllung bei seitlicher Belastung In der Abhandlung wird das seismische Verhalten von Stahlbetonrahmen mit Füllung nummerisch untersucht, und durch die Finite-Elemente-Berechnung (FEA) wird der Einfluss dreier unterschiedlicher Betonmodelle auf das Gleichgewichtsverhalten der Stahlbetonrahmen mit Füllung bewertet. Zu diesem Zweck bewertet man die Wirksamkeit der Füllung an Modellen in natürlicher Größe. Die Ergebnisse der Finite-Elemente-Berechnung zeigen, dass das mathematische Betonmodell das Verhalten der Stahlbetonrahmen mit Füllung verändern kann. Der Einfluss ist besonders für das Verhalten nach der Spitzenbelastung wichtig. Schlüsselwörter: Materialmodell, Massivwand, Stahlbeton, Finite-Elemente-Methode

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The present study aims at scrutinizing the static and dynamic behavior of pile-soil interaction in the context of p-y method using finite element analysis. For this purpose, a series of static and dynamic analyses are carried out for single pile, 2x2 and 3x3 group piles in homogeneous clayey soil. In the analysis, the nonlinear behavior of soil is taken into account using a kinematic hardening model, while piles are modeled as elastic. The soil model parameters are calibrated using experimental modulus degradation and damping curves. The pile-soil interface is modeled considering normal and shear behavior to account for separation and sliding between soil and pile elements. In the static analyses, variation of pile moments and displacements with depth and the back-calculated p-y curves are evaluated. The soil resistance is directly obtained by extracting the shear and normal forces of the nodes in a pile at any depth. The p-multipliers for 2x2 and 3x3 group piles are calculated and compared with that of the experiments. The variation of p-multipliers with depth and lateral displacement is also evaluated. In dynamic analyses, first, site response analyses are carried out and validated against one-dimensional results under different loading frequencies. Infinite elements are applied at the boundaries to provide non-reflective boundaries. Later, single, 2x2 and 3x3 group pile analyses are executed. The influence of loading amplitude and frequency on the response are investigated using moment-depth and displacement-depth relationships. Dynamic p-y curves are back-calculated and the results are deeply assessed by comparing with static curves.

Abstract. On February 6, 2017 a swarm of earthquakes began at the western end of the Turkey. This has been the first recorded swarm at Çanakkale region since continuous seismic monitoring began in 1970. The number of located earthquakes increased during the next ten days. This paper describes the output of a survey carried out in the earthquake prone towns of Ayvacık, Çanakkale, Turkey, in February 2017 after the earthquakes. Observations collected on site regard traditional buildings at the rural area of Ayvacık. A description of the main structural features and their effects on the most frequently 10 viewed damage modes are related in plane, out of plane behavior of the wall regarding construction practice, connection type etc. It was found that there were no convenient connection details like cavity-ties or sufficient mortar strength resulting in decreased and/or lack of lateral load bearing capacity of the wall.