There is a passive blood flow to the stomach during oral and nasal surgery. It may cause postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We researched the relationship between gastric decompression (GD) and severity of PONV in ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgery. 137 patients who have been into ENT surgery were included in the study. In Group I (n = 70), patients received GD after surgery before extubation; patients in Group II (n = 67) did not receive GD. In postoperative 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 12th hours, the number and ratio of patients demonstrating PONV were detected to be significantly more in Group II as compared to Group I. PONV was also significantly more severe in Group II as compared to Group I. In Group I, the PONV ratio in the 2nd hour was significantly more for those whose amounts of stomach content aspired were more than 10 mL as compared to those whose stomach content aspired was less than 10 mL. In the 4th, 8th, and 24th hours, there is no statistically significant difference between the stomach content aspired and PONV ratio. GD reduces the incidence and severity of PONV in ENT surgery.

Introduction and aim: To study the protective, preventive effect of luteolin from colistin-induced nephrotoxicity. Material and method: Four different treatment options were tested on rats: colistin, luteolin, and a combination of colistin and luteolin, intraperitoneally as two doses a day, for seven days. Another group of rats were used as the control and treated with sterile saline. Serum creatinine levels were measured before and after treatment. Histological changes and colistin-induced apoptosis (Insitu BrdU-red DNA Fragmentation Assay Kit) of the renal tissues were examined after the scarification procedure. Results: In the Colistin Group, post-treatment creatinine levels were statistically higher than the pretreatment levels (p ¼ .001). In the remaining groups, no significant changes were observed. Cells that undergo apoptosis were counted and it was shown that all groups except the colistintreated group had a similar number of apoptotic cells, whereas the colistin-treated group had statistically higher number of apoptotic cells compared to other groups (p ¼ .0001). Renal histological damage was also measured and the score of the colistin treated group was higher as compared to other groups. Conclusion:The results obtained from this study demonstrated us that luteolin was capable of preventing colistin-induced nephrotoxicity and that this effect was significant at histopathological level.

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