Background It was aimed to compare open versus robotic‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal ileal conduit (ICIC), versus RARC with extracorporeal ileal conduit (ECIC) formation for bladder cancer. Materials and Methods Open, RARC‐ECIC and RARC‐ICIC groups were compared in terms of patient demographics, operative and postoperative parameters, pathological parameters, complications and functional outcomes. Results Mean operative times were lower in the RARC‐ECIC group (p = 0.004). Mean estimated blood loss was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in the robotic groups. The blood transfusion was lower in RARC‐ICIC groups (p < 0.001). Rates of stage pT3–4 disease were the highest in the RARC‐ICIC group (p = 0.004). LOS was significantly shorter in the RARC‐ICIC group (p = 0.01). Numbers of Clavien 3–5 complications were lower in the robotic groups (p = 0.012). Conclusions RARC and ICIC is a complex procedure involving an increased operation time but with the advantages of lower estimated blood loss, transfusion rates, complications and hospital stays compared with open surgery.

Purpose: This study investigated the possible beneficial effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) on traumatic urethral healing. Methods: A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: control, sham (serum physiologic; SF group), HA 1.8%, and HA 3%. A tiny hook was introduced and drawn at the 12 o'clock position into the urethra for the SF and HA groups to create a urethral inflammation model. Either SF or HA was applied intraurethrally for 5 consecutive days. After a 15-day follow-up period (21st day of the study), penile tissue was harvested and evaluated histopathologically. Results: None of the groups showed inflammation at the end of study. Pathological findings such as calcification, hemorrhage, and stenosis were observed in the wound healing and these findings were present in all trauma groups. A significant increase in tissue thickness was observed in the group treated with saline (p = 0.004). No statistically significant difference was found in the two groups receiving HA treatment compared to the SF group. Conclusion: These data suggest that HA does not provide a beneficial effect on the connective tissue repairment when it is applied locally during the acute period of urethral injury for 5 consecutive days. There is a need for further studies in which the duration of drug use is extended or the dosage is increased.

The study aimed to investigate the best‐performing of three risk calculators (RCs) for the Turkish population in predicting cancer‐free status and high‐risk prostate cancer (PCa) in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound‐guided prostate biopsy. The electronic medical records of 527 patients who underwent prostate biopsy for the first time due to PSA of 0.3–50 ng/dl and/or cancer suspicion at digital rectal examination (DRE) between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrieved retrospectively. The predictive power of the RCs in the biopsy and the surgical cohort was calculated by two urologists using European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) RC, the North American Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial‐RC (PCPT‐RC), and the Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group (PBCG)‐RC. All three RCs were successful in predicting PCa and high‐risk disease at ROC analysis (p < 0.0001). Of these three nomograms, PBCG‐RC outperformed PCPT‐RC 2.0 and ERSPC‐RH in predicting benign pathology outcomes at biopsy. A better performance of PBCG‐RC was also observed in terms of prediction of high‐risk disease at biopsy. Using any of the available RCs prior to biopsy is of greater assistance to prostate‐specific antigen and DRE than examination alone. The study results show that PBCG‐RC performed before biopsy has a higher predictive power than the other two RCs.

Background/aim: In this study, we aimed to compare the results of prone and Barts "flank-free" modified supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) operations in our clinic. Materials and methods:The data from patients that underwent Barts "flank-free" modified supine PCNL (BS-PCNL) (n=52) between June 2018 and July 2020 and prone PCNL (P-PCNL) (n=286) between April 2014 and June 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Of those 286 patients, 104 patients whose gender, age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiology score, stone localization, stone size, and hydronephrosis matched the BS-PCNL group in a 1:2 ratio were included in the study.The groups were compared in terms of intraoperative outcome, complication rates, and stone-free rates. Results:The mean age of all patients (58 females, 98 males) included in the study was 41.8±15.2 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.7±2.9 kg/m 2 . The mean operation time was significantly shorter in the BS-PCNL group than in the P-PCNL group (80.2±15.1 min vs. 92.4±22.7 min and p=0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of fluoroscopy time, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, and stone-free rates. Conclusions:Our study shows that BS-PCNL is an effective and safe method that significantly reduces the operation time and should be considered as one of the primary treatment options for patients scheduled for PCNL.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases that affects men (Vuichoud & Loughlin, 2015). The incidence of BPH in men aged 50-60 years is 50% and rises with increasing age (Berry et al., 1984). According to the current European Association of Urology Guidelines, open prostatectomy (OP) or enucleation approaches of the prostate, such as holmium laser/bipolar, are the first choice of surgical treatment in men with a substantially enlarged prostate (>80 ml) (Gravas et al., 2020).