COVID-19 initially spread among prominent global cities and soon to the urban centers of countries across the globe. While cities are the hotbeds of activities, they also seem highly exposed to global risks including the pandemic. Using the case of COVID-19 and World Risk Index framework, this paper examines if the leading cities from the global south are inherently vulnerable and exposed to global risks and can they exacerbate the overall risk of their respective nations too. Compared against their respective national averages, most of the 20 cities from 10 countries analyzed in this paper, have higher exposure, lower adaptive capacity, higher coping capacity and varied susceptibility. As this relative understanding is based on respective national averages which often are lower than the global standards, even high performance on certain indicators may still result in elevated predisposition. This paper concludes that the leading urban centers from the global south are highly likely to be predisposed to global risks due to their inherent vulnerability and exposure, and many of the drivers of this predisposition are related to the process of urbanization itself. This predisposition can enhance the overall exposure and vulnerability of the nation they are located in.
Desde hace algunas décadas, la comprensión del uso de la tierra con servicios integrados y grupos socialmente mixtos se considera vital para soportar la naturaleza y las sociedades en armonía. Este artículo promueve la inclusión en la planificación de barrios, fomentando principios de forma urbana, hacia una calidad de vida sostenible. En Chile, con la creación del SERVIU, el sinhogarismo se resolvió mediante un abordaje cuantitativo de los programas de vivienda, promoviendo un proceso de expansión urbana rápida y exclusiva, generando segregación social y una sobre concentración de condiciones de vida precarias. Por el contrario, en 1960 el enfoque de la planificación se orientó hacia la planificación de barrios sostenibles bajo los programas CORVI, reconociendo principios morfológicos fundamentales. El objetivo de este artículo es explorar las condiciones espaciales y la calidad de vida en los barrios de los programas SERVIU y CORVI, mediante la evaluación de elementos de forma urbana. Los elementos por explorar son: accesibilidad a los servicios, comercio y recreación; vitalidad de los nodos sociales y comerciales; y diversidad en el uso del suelo y tipología de vivienda. Analizando casos de Reina Sofía Valdivia y Rahue Bajo 2 Osorno, evaluados a través de métodos de People Following (Talen, 2011), Gates and Snapshot (Vaughan, 2001) y Simpsons Diversity Index. Los resultados muestran que los programas CORVI incluyen morfología sostenible en su forma urbana, que inciden positivamente en la calidad de vida, a diferencia de los programas SERVIU.
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