we propose that sense of place effects on mental health or psychological adjustment among expatriates. The dominant trend in previous studies of expatriates' adjustment was influenced by management and organizational psychology, which are not a wide-eyed sight to the problem. Filling the gap needs to create a new systematic approach supported by different disciplines. This research is an interdisciplinary study which reconciles environmental psychology, cross-cultural psychology, organizational psychology, management and clinical psychology to observe the expatriation from different angles. The results conclude significant relationship between sense of place and mental disorders among expatriates in Malaysia. The results notify government of Malaysia (GOM) to create a positive sense of place for expatriates by selecting the certain strategies. Index Terms-Sense of place, mental health, expatriate, psychological adjustment. I. INTRODUCTION Malaysia is one of the most "globalised" countries in the Asian region and top 20 in the world among globalised 62countries [1]. It is also a target country mainly to the Asian skilled labor migrants since the statistics show 12.7 per cent of the workforce are migrant labors. The reason being, Malaysian government launches different programs like Capturing 5000 knowledge workers every year until 2020 responding the increasing need of expatriates. As a result, the number of expatriates in Malaysia rose up from 21,859 in 2001 to 35,583 in 2007[2], [3]. It was argued that it can led to social problems for the reason that the unacceptability and socio-cultural dissimilarities of foreign labors in Malaysia [4]. Consequently, expatriates are not quite happy with reduced job opportunities, earnings and perks; increased workloads and exploitation points to stress, depression, and reducing in the quality of life. In the other word, in presence of difficulties to access resources by expatriates compare to Malaysian community that felt uncomfortable with foreign labors in the certain areas, such as socio-cultural problems, health issues, and problem in language and communication, local resentment, overstaying of expatriates, security threat and economic deprivation, it is expected to see much more interpersonal relationship problems and psychological disorders or mental health issues among expatriates. Besides, inequitable treatment in Malaysia by the companies with local and expatriate-which sends massage to local labors that they are less respected than expatriatesgenerates tension between them and in turn decreases desire Manusript

BACKGROUND: A healthy pregnancy and its outcomes are highly dependent on maternal health literacy. This is the first study that targets the association between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcomes of women in Afghanistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on 200 women who received a prenatal care program and have given birth at Barchi National – 100 beds hospital in Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan. As a convenient sample, they answered Maternal Health Literacy and Pregnancy Outcome Questionnaire with 5-point Likert scales. We tested the correlation between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome scores via the Pearson's correlation coefficient. The potential association of socio-demographic and fertility variables with both maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome was tested via independent samples t -test or one-way ANOVA. All analysis was performed with a 95% confidence level and a significant level was defined as a P value ≤0.05. RESULTS: The maternal health literacy of Afghan women is inadequate. Maternal health literacy is linked to pregnancy outcome, and both were associated with education level, age, number of gravidities, number of received care, and time that onset the prenatal care. Nutshell, we found evidence of a positive and significant correlation between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome. CONCLUSION: This study brings forth the novel data on maternal health literacy of Afghan women, the members of society that face health crises for more than half a century. This study calls for recognition that inadequate maternal health literacy in Afghanistan significantly influences prenatal care quality and perpetuates the biggest challenge for maternal and child health through pregnancy outcomes.

Background: Depression disorders occur in all age ranges. However, the prevalence of this disorder is twice in women than men. Most women with a tendency to suicide or suicide attempts (successful or unsuccessful) they are suffering from major depression. Given the increasing mood disorders during the past three decades, evidences suggest that the cognitive-behavioral treatments are the most effective. Methods: This was a semi-experimental study, that was examined the effects of cognitive behavior therapies in woman with mood disorder that have a tendency to suicide. The subjects in this study were 30women in Imam Reza (SA) hospital in Mashhad with mood disorders who were selected by available sampling method. All of the subjects completed the Kazdian disappointment questionnaire and the (D) section of the mental health questionnaire. They were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Next, the experimental group received 10sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy sessions and post-test was performed on all of them. Covariance and independent T test were used in order to analyze the obtained data. Results: The obtained data showed a significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups after the intervention and based on T test value (0.745) at the significance level of Sig=0.001 in terms of H scale. Given the significant differences between the experimental and control groups after the implementation of therapeutic interventions and the control of other variables, ANCOVA was used. The obtained F value (134.242) at the significance level of Sig=0.001 confirmed the hypothesis that cognitive behavioral therapies in women would reduce the frustration level. The mean difference between control and experimental groups after the interventions based on T test value (0.762) at the significance level of Sig=0.001 indicated that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the D scale. By using the covariance test at the significance level of Sig (0.001, the obtained F value was equal to 315.154, which confirmed the investigated hypothesis that cognitive behavioral therapies would reduce the depression rate in women. Conclusion: The results showed that participating in psychotherapy sessions was significantly reduced the levels of frustration and suicidal tendencies in women.

Background Coronavirus and its psychological impacts on people have been taken into attention by scholars due to the psychosocial crisis. Fear, worry, and psychological agitation are common experiences due to uncertainties in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a comprehensive research for finding the methods of intervention to these psychological health issues based on presumable concerns.Method a multi-stage mixed study conducted in 3 stages. Stage one was a qualitative study to prioritizing and determining concerns about coronavirus with an in-depth semi-structured interview. Stage two was another qualitative study to design an appropriate intervention through the Nominal group technique (NGT) by collecting the brainstorming’s health specialists or expert panel. Stage three was a quantitative study to determine the effect of BETTER therapy; the counseling method as a clinical intervention for high-risk populations who were randomly assigned to experimental or intervention and control groups. Results In stage one, participants expressed five main concerns about COVID-19. In stage two, the health concern like inaccurate information and unpredictable disease were identified as the priority concerns preceded in designing the intervention. In stage three, a significant difference between the two groups presents the clinical intervention was effective in improving performance, marital intimacy, and reducing the subjects’ distress.