16. yüzyılda bir Osmanlı şehrine dönüşen Musul, devletin vakıf anlayışının ve bu anlayışın ortaya çıkardığı dayanışma ve yardımlaşmanın tezahür ettiği önemli bir merkezdir. Şehirde hem Hristiyanlar hem de Müslümanlar için önemli bir figür olan Cercis Nebi’ye ait olduğuna inanılan türbenin etrafının bir Keldani kilisesinden zaman içerisinde külliyeye dönüşerek vakıf sistemi çerçevesinde hizmet ettiği bilinmektedir. Musul şehrinin toplumsal yaşamında ekonomik, sosyal, dini ve kültürel anlamda önemli izler bırakan Cercis Nebi Külliyesi’nin, kentin siluetinin oluşumunda da önemli katkıları olduğu aşikârdır. Bu çalışmada Osmanlı döneminde önemli onarımlardan geçen ve devletin vakıf sistemi içerisinde faaliyetlerine devam eden Cercis Nebi Külliyesi Vakfı’nın 18. yüzyıldaki genel durumu, vakfın birimleri ve bu birimlerin Musul şehrinin toplumsal yaşamdaki konumuna vurgu yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bir yapılar topluluğu olan bu vakfın 18. yüzyılda bünyesinde çalışan personelin durumu, gelir gider kalemleri, atamalar ve alınan ücretler ile ilgili bilgiler arşiv belgeleri ışığında sunulmuştur.
Located on the eastern branch of the Nile, close to Syrian ports, Damietta has served marine vessels trading with the Palestinian, Syrian and Anatolian markets for centuries. With the 1517 conquest of Egypt, Port of Damietta came under the rule of the Ottomans, and thus, owing to its commercial importance, the city was given the status of a centrally administered sanjak in 1572 together with other Egyptian port cities. Due to the policies implemented there by the Ottoman State, the regions which Port of Damietta had commercial relations with were mostly regions that formed the domestic trade pillar of the state. The port’s commercial relationship with European ports remained at a very limited level. Damietta came to the forefront with its position as the shipping port of various commercial commodities such as notably rice, coffee, sugar, cereals, henna, linen, etc. transported to Anatolian coasts, Syrian ports and the Ottoman capital, Istanbul. Being a rather small port when compared to Alexandria, one of the important Egyptian ports, Damietta has been an important center for Istanbul for centuries, especially thanks to the rice indigenous to the city. In this study, we will focus on the dimensions of the trade conducted in Port of Damietta in the 18th century. In this context, the traded commodities, the geography with which the port had commercial relations with and the routes used, as well as the policies followed by the Ottoman state to keep the trade in Damietta alive will be discussed in the light of documents found in Ottoman archives.
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