Background: Medical abortion or Medical Methods of abortion (MMA) (or Chemical abortion) is defined as “the non-surgical way of termination of termination of pregnancy by a drug or combination of drugs”. With introduction of MMA there has been a steep rise in abortion related complications due to irrational use of these drugs. This study is undertaken using lowest effective dose of mifepristone and misoprostol in 100 women willing for termination of pregnancy with period of gestation <49 days to study the efficacy, side effects and failure rate. Present study emphasizes on using MMA by proper selection of patient, adhering to proper schedule under provision of MTP Act (counselling, consent, examination, confirmation of pregnancy, prescription by a registered medical practioner) in order to enhance efficacy and avoid complications.Methods: Prospective Clinical Study consist of use of single dose of 200mg of mifepristone orally followed by misoprostol (400µg) by vaginal route for terminating pregnancy in ≤49 days of gestation. Statistical analysis done by Chi square test.Results: In this study, success rate i.e. complete abortion without requiring surgical procedure was 96%and failure rate was 4%. Nausea (56%) is the most common side effect of Mifepristone. Chills (33%) is the most common side effect of Misoprostol. Mean Induction Abortion Interval is 2.17±1.2 hrs. Mean Duration of Bleeding is 7.79±4.42 days.Conclusions: Medical abortion is a promising method of early abortion in a developing country like India as it requires no technical skills and manpower with a good safety profile.

Background: Prolonged labour has become a rarity in developed countries, but it still poses a problem in developing countries causing increase in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study is undertaken to assess the efficacy of modified WHO partograph in monitoring progress of labour in primigravidae with spontaneous onset of labour and in patients with active management and to assess whether active management of labour helps in reducing the duration of labour.Methods: In this study, 100 primigravidae partographs are analyzed, 50 patients are in active management group (early amniotomy and use of oxytocin) and 50 patients are in control group (spontaneously).Results: The mean duration of first stage of labour in the study group is 6.73±2 and in the control group is 11.30±4.51hrs( statistically significant p<0.001).Mean duration of second stage of labour in study group is 33.73±28.77mins and in control group is 38±24.98 mins (p<0.079), mean total duration of labour in active group is 7.17±2.64 hr and  in control group is 11.76hrs±-4.71hrs ( p<0.001).89% of study group patients had Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery as compared to the 80% in control group (p>0.05 ). Assisted vaginal delivery (vaccum) is found in 6% in the study group and 8% in control group patients (p>0.05). LSCS is found 10% in study group and 8% in control group patients (p>0.05).Conclusions: Active management of labour significantly reduces the mean duration of 1st active stage, 2nd stage and total duration of labour, but does not decrease the rate of the caesarean section.

There is always a dilemma for the gestational age at which caesarean can be planned in cases of previous two caesarean sections to reduce both maternal and fetal adverse outcome. Obstetricians always try to balance between poor perinatal outcomes of early term delivery and poor maternal outcomes of late term delivery. A Prospective observational study was conducted in Women with previous two caesarean deliveries at 34-42 weeks of gestation with singleton live pregnancy admitted in a tertiary care hospital for repeat caesarean section for a period of 6 months in 100 cases, to study the maternal and fetal outcome in patients undergoing repeat caesarean section in case of two previous 2 caesarean cases.

Background: More recently there has been growing concern that more marginal degrees of thyroid dysfunction particularly subclinical hypothyroidism (elevated TSH and normal T4 concentration) and isolated hypothyroxinemia (normal TSH and low T4) are associated with fetal loss, prematurity and impaired offspring cognitive function and potential risk for fetal loss. Thus, it would seem logical to systematically screen pregnant woman for thyroid disorders. This study focuses specifically on thyroid screening in first trimester of pregnancy.Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study over 18 months (December 2020 to June 2022) in 300 patients attending the department of obstetrics and gynecology of teaching hospital attached to Khaja Bandanawaz Institute of Medical Sciences (KBNIMS), KBN University, Gulbarga for antenatal check-up during first trimester of pregnancy.Results: As per our study prevalence of thyroid disorder 14%, subclinical hyperthyroidism 3.67% and subclinical hypothyroidism 10.33%.Conclusions: According to data of our study, it is very ideal to subject all pregnant women for thyroid screening in first trimester with special emphasis to pregnant women in extremes of age, extremes of BMI, bad obstetric history and adverse outcome in previous pregnancy as it shows significant relationship with risk of having thyroid abnormalities.