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been significantly optimized via control of their nanostructure. Preparation of nanostructured WO 3 thin films is one of important research interests. There are various methods to fabricate nanostructured WO 3 thin films, including spray pyrolysis, [5] sol-gel, [6] chemical vapor deposition method, [7] and physical vapor deposition method. [8] However, the nanosize, distribution, and orientation of the tungsten oxide thin films prepared by the above methods are random and irregular, resulting in poor reproducibility of electrochromic properties, which is not suitable for practical application in "smart windows." Glancing angle magnetron sputtering deposition technology can realize precise control of the morphology, size, and density of nanostructured WO 3 thin films through adjusting and optimizing deposition parameters. [9,10] In this paper, nanostructured tungsten trioxide thin films were deposited by glancing angle reactive magnetron sputtering. The effects of nanostructures on the electrochromic properties and optical properties of WO 3 thin films were compared with those of dense film deposited by conventional magnetron sputtering.

The molar heat capacities of 2-(chloromethylthio)benzothiazole (molecular formula C 8 H 6 ClNS 2 , CA registry no. 28908-00-1) were measured with an adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range between (80 and 350) K. The construction and procedures of the calorimeter were described in detail. The performance of the calorimetric apparatus was evaluated by heat capacity measurements on R-Al 2 O 3 . The deviation of experiment heat capacities from the corresponding smoothed values lies within (0.3%, whereas the uncertainty is within (0.5%, compared with that of the recommended reference data over the whole experimental temperature range. A fusion transition was found from the C p -T curve of 2-(chloromethylthio)benzothiazole. The melting temperature and the molar enthalpy and entropy of fusion of the compound were determined to be T m ) (315.11 ( 0.04) K, ∆ fus H m ) (17.02 ( 0.03) kJ‚mol -1 , and ∆ fus S m ) (54.04 ( 0.05) J‚mol -1 ‚K -1 , respectively. The thermodynamic functions (H T -H 298.15 ) and (S T -S 298.15 ) were also derived from the heat capacity data. The molar fraction purity of the 2-(chloromethylthio)-benzothiazole sample used in the present calorimetric study was determined to be 99.21 by fraction melting.