One of the main aspects related to non-adherence to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for patients infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) refers to the abandonment of outpatient care. This study was aimed to estimate the loss to follow-up in outpatient HIV care at a Regional Referral Clinic (SAE) for HIV/AIDS in the city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil, and to identify associated factors and predictors. This is a prospective cohort of patients older than 18 years, under cART and regular outpatient care. The study included patients who attended medical visits during July-August 2011. Those who did not return to the clinic for new medical appointments within 90 days after the sixth month of follow up were considered lost to follow-up in outpatient care. Variables with P value ≤0.25 in the univariate analysis were included in a logistic regression model, adopting a significance level of 0.05. Among the 250 patients included in the study, 44 (17.6 %) were lost to follow up in outpatient care. Among these, 38 (86.4 %) were located in the cART delivery database system (SICLOM). Younger patients (≤43 versus >43 years) (OR 2.30 CI 1.06-5.00, P = 0.04), and patients attended by physician "E", when compared with physicians "A", "B", "C" or "D" (OR 5.90 CI 2.64-13.18, P = 0.00) were more likely to be lost to follow-up. Patients admitted in the service for 7 years or more were also more likely to be to lost to follow-up (OR 2.27 CI 1.2-4.4, P = 0.01), although this association did not remain statistically significant in the multivariate analysis. Although the purpose of the study, to identify individual factors associated to loss to follow-up, positives associations with a specific physician and with patients admitted in the service for 7 years or more suggest organizational factors. Although the majority of patients lost to follow-up in outpatient care were detected by SICLOM, a detectable viral load in most of these patients suggest a quality of outpatient HIV care proved ineffective, despite the availability of cART. We conclude on the need for further studies to investigate structural factors associated to loss to follow-up when enhanced retention strategies should be implemented in order to maintain an effective outpatient HIV care.

Resumen:  Introducción: Han sido llevadas a cabo diferentes iniciativas con el fin de mejorar la calidad del cuidado y la seguridad del paciente en Brasil. Sin embargo, el cumplimiento de esas normas como una serie de requisitos parece no corresponder a la real incorporación de cambios y mejora en la seguridad. Objetivos: Evaluar la cultura de seguridad del paciente en un hospital filantrópico de Minas Gerais, observando, además, posibles diferencias por turnos de trabajo, diurno y nocturno. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional del tipo transversal. La población estudiada fue constituida por profesionales de Enfermería actuantes en esa institución filantrópica. Para la evaluación de la cultura de seguridad fue utilizado el Cuestionario Hospitalario sobre Cultura de Seguridad del Paciente (HSOPSC), creado por la Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), validado, traducido y adaptado transculturalmente en Brasil. En el análisis e interpretación de los datos fueron seguidas las orientaciones de la AHRQ, observándose dimensiones fortalecidas y debilitadas. Este trabajo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 118 participantes en el estudio, siendo 17,2% de ese total enfermeros y los demás técnicos de Enfermería. Ninguna dimensión de la cultura de seguridad fue identificada como fortalecida en la institución. Fueron consideradas como áreas débiles: la “apertura a la comunicación”, el “trabajo en equipo entre las unidades hospitalarias”, la “adecuación de personal”, los “cambios de turno y transición entre las unidades”, y las “respuestas no punitivas a los errores”. En algunas dimensiones fueron observadas diferencias por turno de trabajo, diurno y nocturno. Conclusión: El análisis de la cultura de seguridad en ese hospital puede contribuir para un mejor direccionamiento de conductas con el fin de garantizar una asistencia más segura. Como citar este artículo: Magalhães, Eduarda Vieira; de Paiva, Fernanda Oliveira; Alves, Maria Eduarda Soares; de Almeida, Meire Cavalieri. Cultura de segurança do paciente entre profissionais de Enfermagem em um hospital filantrópico de Minas Gerais. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(3): e1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1990

Objective To describe the implementation of a rapid response team in a large nonprofit hospital, indicating relevant issues for other initiatives in similar contexts, particularly in Latin America. Methods In general terms, the intervention consisted of three major components: (1) a tool to detect aggravation of clinical conditions in general wards; (2) the structuring of a rapid response team to attend to all patients at risk; and (3) the monitoring of indicators regarding the intervention. This work employed four half-year Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to test and adjust the intervention from January 2013 to December 2014. Results Between 2013 and 2014, the rapid response team attended to 2,296 patients. This study showed a nonsignificant reduction in mortality from 8.3% in cycle 1 to 5.0% in cycle 4; however, death rates remained stable in cycles 3 and 4, with frequencies of 5.2% and 5.0%, respectively. Regarding patient flow and continuum of critical care, which is a premise of the rapid response system, there was a reduction in waiting time for intensive care unit beds with a decrease from 45.9% to 19.0% in the frequency of inpatients who could not be admitted immediately after indication (p < 0.001), representing improved patient flow in the hospital. In addition, an increase in the recognition of palliative care patients from 2.8% to 10.3% was noted (p = 0.005). Conclusion Implementing a rapid response team in contexts where there are structural restrictions, such as lack of intensive care unit beds, may be very beneficial, but a strategy of adjustment is needed.