Bulk anisotropic Sm2Co7 nanocrystalline magnets were successfully prepared by hot deformation process using spark plasma sintering technology. The coercivity of the isotropic Sm2Co7 nanocrystalline magnet is 34.76 kOe, further, the ultra-high coercivity of 50.68 kOe is obtained in the anisotropic hot deformed Sm2Co7 magnet when the height reduction is 70%, which is much higher than those of the ordinarily produced hot deformed Sm2Co7 magnet. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that all the samples are Sm2Co7 single phase. The investigation by electron backscatter diffraction indicates that increasing the amount of deformation is beneficial to the improvement of the (00l) texture of Sm2Co7 magnets. The Sm2Co7 nanocrystalline magnet generates a strong c-axis crystallographic texture during large deformation process.