Highlights A method of locating sugarcane seed bud based on anisotropy transformation is proposed.Using computer binocular vision technology, the location of the sugarcane seed bud was determined by edge feature matching of the sugarcane seed bud.There are few methods to study the automatic location of sugarcane seed buds, and our research provides a new research idea.Abstract. Sugarcane is a major economic crop in China, but the degree of mechanization in sugarcane cultivation is low. To improve the economic benefit of sugarcane planting, promoting the use of mechanization in sugarcane planting is necessary. Currently, the sugarcane planted using mechanization has a low survival rate and the mechanization efficiency is low because the existing sugarcane precutting machine fails to address the problem of damaging seed buds. This study proposed a sugarcane bud localization method based on computer binocular vision technology. The sugarcane stem segment positions can be determined by the grayscale horizontal projection after preprocessing the sugarcane image based on color and grayscale features. Then, the bud area can be intercepted according to the positional relationship between the seed bud and the stem node, and the planar position of the seed bud will be determined by using the color space conversion and the gray vertical projection. Finally, the anisotropic scaling transformation is used to match the seed-bud area and restore the spatial coordinates of the seed bud, and the spatial position of the seed bud can be determined. The image pyramid acceleration matching process is adopted, which can make the method more suitable for real-time applications. The experimental results show that the accuracy of seed-bud matching based on the anisotropic scaling transformation is 98%, which provides a basis for research on the anti-injury germ system in the automatic planting process of sugarcane. Keywords: Anisotropic scaling, Binocular vision, Image pyramid, Mechanization planting of sugarcane, Seed bud location.