The study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of percutaneous partial oxygen pressure during the development and evolution of a hypertrophic scar. Twenty cases of hypertrophic scar patients at different stages were selected. A percutaneous oxygen monitor was used to measure oxygen partial pressure in the scar and normal skin tissue at 14, 30, 60, and 90 days after surgery. The changes of oxygen partial pressure, tissue structure, HIF-1α, and VEGF expression in the scar tissue were observed, and the correlation was analyzed. In the scar maturation process, with the prolongation of time, the partial oxygen pressure in the tissue increased gradually. The expression intensity of HIF-1α and VEGF decreased gradually, HIF-1α was positively correlated with VEGF (r = 0.98, P < 0.01 ), there was a negative correlation between oxygen partial pressure and HIF-1 α expression (r = −0.92, P < 0.01 ), and it was negatively correlated with VEGF (r = −0.88, P < 0.01 ). TcPO2 measurement can be used to assess scar maturity; HIF-1 α and VEGF may play an essential role in regulating partial oxygen pressure in the scar tissue.