No abstract

Following the investigation into the Mid Staffordshire Hospital (United Kingdom) and the subsequent Francis reports (2013 and 2015), all healthcare staff, including students, are called upon to raise concerns if they are concerned about patient safety. Despite this advice, it is evident that some individuals are reluctant to do so and the reasons for this are not always well understood. Study aim: This research study provides an insight into the factors that influence student nurses to speak up or remain silent when witnessing sub-optimal care. Design: An interpretive phenomenological study using the principles of hermeneutics. The study took place in one university in the North of England and the sample consisted of twelve adult nursing students. Methods: Following ethical approval and informed consent, each participant took part in individual semi-structured interviews over a three-year period. Data was transcribed and analysed using 'Framework for Applied Policy Research'. Findings: Four key themes were identified: context of exposure, fear of punitive action, team culture and hierarchy. On the one hand, students recognised there was a professional obligation bestowed upon them to raise concerns if they witnessed sub-optimal practice, however, their willingness to do so was influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Students have to navigate their moral compass, taking cognisance of their own social identity and the identity of the organisations in which they are placed.

In today’s marketplace, consumers have a plethora of options when it comes to purchasing beef, whether that be conventional, all-natural, organic, or any other feed based labeling. They also have the freedom to make that purchasing decision based on the brand, packaging, and price just to name a few. However, the supply of beef that is on the shelves for consumers changed since the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. This poster reveals that no significant differences were recorded with purchasing decisions nor marketing decisions; however, data was analyzed for themes that are present during this pandemic.The purpose of this study is to find out how the purchasing behaviors of consumers have changed since the COVID-19 outbreak in terms of beef. Are specialty labels less important? Does brand loyalty still matter? In order to evaluate this, we asked consumers several questions to better understand current behaviors and trends for the marketing of beef products. The poster will provide the coded data and summaries of the total population of 54 participants.