RNP granules are ribonucleoprotein assemblies that regulate the post-transcriptional fate of mRNAs in all eukaryotes. Their exact function remains poorly understood, one reason for this is that RNP granule purification has not yet been achieved. We have exploited a unique feature of trypanosomes to prepare a cellular fraction highly enriched in starvation stress granules. First, granules remain trapped within the cage-like, subpellicular microtubule array of the trypanosome cytoskeleton while soluble proteins are washed away. Second, the microtubules are depolymerized and the granules are released.RNA sequencing combined with single molecule mRNA FISH identified the short and highly abundant mRNAs encoding ribosomal mRNAs as being excluded from granules. By mass spectrometry we have identified 463 stress granule candidate proteins. For 17/49 proteins tested by eYFP tagging we have confirmed the localization to granules, including one phosphatase, one methyltransferase and two proteins with a function in trypanosome life-cycle regulation.The novel method presented here enables the unbiased identification of novel RNP granule components, paving the way towards an understanding of RNP granule function.

Food Chain Management is a rather new research domain. As a consequence, the domain and the research challenges within the domain are not yet clearly defined. This corresponds with the variety in the definition of food chains and networks that might focus on either closely cooperating enterprises along the value chain with an executive coordination element or, alternatively, on a network of enterprises in dynamically evolving business relationships. Management challenges in closely cooperating enterprises are closely linked to challenges in enterprise management and can draw on research in this domain; however, management activities in and for networks involve additional challenges that require focused research engagement. The dependency of all participants in the chain on consumers as the ultimate customers and the dependency of the quality of final products on the engagement of all participants in the production and distribution of products require new managerial activities and, in turn, support by research. This article discusses the background of future research needs and formulates priority challenges for managerial improvements toward an increased sustainability of the food sector. [JEL classifications: Q010, Q130, D290, L140] © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -This paper aims to develop a hierarchical typology of trust elements for business-to-business trade among European companies in the food sector. Design/methodology/approach -The paper integrates desk research literature study and a qualitative survey of food industry companies. An extensive literature review about inter-organizational trust lays a foundation for designing a draft typology based on previous studies, with special attention paid to the influence of culture. Fine-tuning and validation of the typology is achieved through an exploratory field study based on 18 qualitative in-depth interviews with key informants in five EU countries, involving practitioners from the fresh fruit and vegetable, grain, meat and olive supply chains. Findings -A detailed typology of trust is developed. Although it is highly specific to the food industry, it is designed to be neutral to culture and sector, thus allowing the identification of differences in culture when dealing with trust building elements in different sectors in the food supply chain. Research limitations/implications -Since the buyer's perspective is adopted in this paper, further research is needed to validate the typology on the seller side. The typology developed here must also be tested in practice, for instance within a descriptive research quantitative study, aimed at quantifying the relative importance of the different trust elements. Practical implications -The typology stimulates the consideration of cross-cultural or cross-sector differences in the salience of trust attributes and its construction process confirms that reputation management is an extremely important determinant of success or failure. It can serve as a checklist for any company that is interested in improving its relationships with suppliers or buyers. Originality/value -The paper adds to the body of knowledge about inter-organizational trust, providing researchers with a useful tool for conducting experimental research on trust creation mechanisms.

E-business adoption rates in the agri-food sector are rather low, despite the fact that technical barriers have been mostly overcome during the last years and a large number of sophisticated offers are available. However, concerns about trust seem to impede the development of electronic relationships in the agri-food chains as trust is of particular importance in any exchange of agri-food products along the value chain. Drawing on existing research, characteristics and dimensions of trust are initially identified both in traditional and in electronic B2B relationships and a typology of trust is proposed. The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of the implementation and use of trust elements that e-commerce offers dedicated to agri-food sector. This assessment will show the current situation and discuss gaps for further improvement with the objective to facilitate the uptake of e-commerce in agri-food chains.Keywords: B2B relationships, trust typology, electronic trust, agri-food chains IntroductionThe Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution and the introduction of ebusiness applications in the mid-nineties brought companies in front of an excellent opportunity to facilitate and improve their business processes or even to build completely new business models. While in many business environments ICT and e-business have been an established driver of change and a source of competitive advantage, this was not the case in the agri-food industry. On the contrary, e-business adoption rates have been rather slow despite the potential benefits in the agri-food sector as opposed to other sectors of the economy (European Commission, 2007, see also for an overview of e-business offers for the agri-food sector), and despite the fact that in comparison to the early stages of e-business, technical barriers are no longer considered as critical in its adoption. Indeed, a recent survey conducted by the "European ebusiness watch", in ten different business industries (Food & Beverages industry was included) regarding e-business adoption, revealed that technical barriers were not perceived by companies as important as for example the non technical barriers (e.g. cost, firm's size) (European Commission, 2007). Of course, at this point distinguishing between developed and developing countries is important, as especially in less developed countries their e-readiness is low and technical issues still constitute a fundamental barrier in the e-business adoption process (Wresch, 2003; EIU, 2007).The approach followed in this paper regarding e-business is the one by Brown and Lockett (2004). According to them: "E-business includes a number of applications that vary in complexity and could be defined as the use of the Internet or any other electronic medium for the execution of transactions, the support of business processes and the improvement of collaboration opportunities among entities". Therefore, in this paper, in an effort to avoid generalizations, emphasis is given on one specific application of e-b...