Objective The main objective of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of adequate sunlight exposure of infants among mothers attending EPI unit at Aleta Wondo Health Center, Sidama zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Institutional based descriptive cross sectional study design was used. 313 mothers who had under 1 year child and immunization follow-up were selected by simple random sampling technique using immunization registration book as sampling frame. Result Out of 313 respondents identified for the study 98.03% (n = 307) were responded for the interview. From the total respondents 279 (90.9%) of respondents exposed their infants to sunlight but only 62 (22%) of them exposed adequately. From 307 mothers, 191 (62.2%) are knowledgeable about sunlight exposure and 91 (32.6%) of mothers had good practice of exposing their infants to sunlight. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4221-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Inadequate nutritional intake prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy and lactation process increases postnatal nutritional stresses and health risk of the mother resulting in a high maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to compare nutritional status and associated factors of urban and rural lactating women from Shashemene Woreda, West Arsi Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. A community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 484 randomly selected lactating mothers from six kebeles. Anthropometric measurements were taken from each mother using calibrated equipment and standardized techniques. A 24 hr dietary intake was also collected from randomly selected sub sample (n=48) of mothers. The energy and nutrient content of foods consumed by the mothers was calculated using Ethiopian food composition and world food tables. Logistic regression model, independent t-test analyses and chi-square test were used to see the mean difference in nutrient intake and nutritional status among lactating mothers. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 on multiple variable logistic regressions were taken as significant variables. The prevalence of under-nutrition (MUAC<23 cm) among lactating mothers was higher in rural than urban communities with observed statistical significant difference (X 2 =12.5, p ≤ 0.001), but they are comparable in other indices. Residence of lactating women [AOR=2.54, 95% CI (1.5, 4.31)] and age of breast fed child [AOR=0.46, 95% CI (0.28, 0.78)] were significantly associated with nutritional status of lactating mothers. Having breast feeding child was significantly associated with nutritional status (BMI) of lactating mothers [AOR=0.37, 95% CI (0.17, 0.81)]. Feeding practices in urban study subjects had better feeding practices than that of rural areas (X 2 = 25.0, p-value ≤ 0.001). It was not sufficient to attain their increased energy and nutrient requirements, w h i c h is worse among rural than urban study subject. Therefore, improvements of health and nutrition are recommended to lactating mother on increased food intake, proper dietary practices, and dietary diversity during lactation.

Background: Male partner involvement is an important and crucial determinant of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. It creates an opportunity to reverse the transmission of HIV during pregnancy, labor, and breastfeeding. Thus, involving male partners during HIV screening of pregnant mothers at ANC is the key to fight against MTCT of HIV. Objective: This study was designed to assess the magnitude and factors associated with male partner's involvement on PMTCT service utilization among pregnant women who attended focused antenatal care (FANC) in Southern Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 randomly selected pregnant women who enrolled in PMTCT service at ANC clinics. Pretested and structured self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the presence of statistically significant associations between the outcome variable and the independent variables with a p-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 409 pregnant women who had ANC follow-up have participated in this study. The majority 160 (39.1%) of the participants were in the age group of 25-29 years. The magnitude of male involvement in PMTCT service was 129 (29.8%). Number of ANC visits (3rd visit (AOR=2.36, CI=1.09, 5.10), 4th visit (AOR=3.49, CI=1.65, 7.38), birthplace interest (AOR=3.01, CI=1.16, 7.84), awareness about partner monthly income (AOR=2.17, CI=1.15, 4.11), source of family saving scheme (partner (AOR=2.99, CI=1.39, 6.43), self (AOR=8.59, CI=3.92, 18.82), both (AOR=5.13, CI=2.21, 11.92), maternal perception about the importance of consulting partner before HIV testing (AOR=9.30, CI=2.65, 32.64), and kinds of partner support (psychological (AOR=0.08, CI=0.02, 0.29), financial (AOR=0.33, CI=0.17, 0.68) were found to be significantly associated with male involvement in PMTCT. Conclusion: This study found out that male partner involvement in PMTCT is low. Therefore, improving male partner involvement in PMTCT is recommended for improving maternal FANC service utilization and adherence with notification of their partner and provision of psychological and financial support.

ObjectivesSkin disorders are the most common health problems seen among HIV positive patients. It presents with a variety of manifestations which can cause significant morbidity. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of common skin problems among children living with HIV/AIDS at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2017/2018. Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 125 children living with HIV/AIDS who were recruited through simple random sampling techniques from February to April 2017. Pre-tested, structured questionnaires were used to collect the data.ResultAmong a total of 125 study participants, 72 (57.6%) of the children were males and 97 (77.6%) were in the age range of 10–14 years. 90 (72%) of participants had different kinds of skin problems. Among those who had one kind of common skin infection, 53 (42.4%) were males. Viral skin infections that accounts 48 (53.3%), were the leading cause of skin infections followed by 43 (47.8%), 33(36.7%) and 22 (24.7%) fungal infections, inflammatory and bacterial skin infections respectively. Among all children who were taking ART, only 2.4% of the children had skin related side effects.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3991-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common cause of bladder outlet obstruction and voiding symptoms in elderly men and it affects more than 50% of men over 60 years of age globally. Ethiopia is one of the top ten countries with the largest number of people affected by BPH in Africa, with a prevalence range of 6.1–33.4%. Methods A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 male patients admitted at surgical ward of HUCSH and AGH of Hawassa City from Oct 15 to Nov 15 /2021. Non-randomized purposive sampling method was applied and the data were collected by using a pretested structured, an interviewer-administered questionnaire and patient review checklist. The collected data was checked daily for the completeness, the accuracy and the consistency and it was analyzed by SPSS version 20 and a binary logistic regression model was used to test the association between dependent and independent variables. Results This study included 143 male patients, with a mean age of 54.27 and SD ± 16.079 years. In this study the magnitude of BPH was 27(18.9%). Old age > = 75 years (AOR = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.005–1.024), being smokers (AOR = 0.261, 95% CI 0.078–0.871), positive familial history of BPH (AOR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.038–0.428), patients with renal disease (AOR = 5.724; 95% CI: 1.669–19.631) and patients with history of difficulties on sexual activity (AOR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.034–0.830) were found to be statistically associated with the presence of BPH. Conclusions In conclusion, the findings of this study revealed that BPH is a high prevalent disease among men. Factors that potentially increase the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia were; old age, positive family history, smoking, and renal disease and difficulties on sexual activities. Intensifying health education campaign to raise public awareness about, factors that potentially increase the risk of BPH, especially those modifiable once.