E21R can be safely given at doses up to 1000 micro g/kg per day.

Background: Oral mesna allows investigation of ifosfamide as a prolonged ambulatory infusion for dose-intense out-patient use. Methods: Cohorts of 3 patients received escalating doses of ifosfamide from 200 to 1,000 mg/m²/day as continuous ambulatory infusion with oral mesna at 30% of the ifosfamide dose every 6 h commencing 2 h prior to ifosfamide infusion as uroprotection on a 14-day schedule with cycles repeated every 28 days. Results: Fifteen patients received a median of three cycles.Dose-limiting toxicities with cycle 1 were lethargy and hepatotoxicity at 1,000 mg/m²/14 days. Transient transaminase elevation was seen at all dose levels. The other grade 3 toxicities were single episodes of anaemia, granulocytopenia, nausea and hypotension. The best response was stable disease in a patient with thyroid cancer. Conclusion: Ambulatory infusion of 600 mg/m² ifosfamide with 180 mg/m² oral mesna was considered suitable for phase II trials and delivers dose-intense out-patient therapy without urotoxicity.

This was a well-tolerated regimen that improved symptomatic control of hormone-insensitive prostate cancer.

Two shrubs, Viburnum opulus 'Nanum' and Juniperus chinensis procumbens, and three mulch treatments, shredded bark, hardwood chunk bark and a control were evaluated for use in above ground plantings on city streets. Data taken included soil temperatures, soil moisture levels, plant growth, winter kill and subjective evaluations of plant appearances. Differences were found in spring and fall temperatures of mulched and unmulched treatments. The bare soil cooled faster in the fall and warmed slower in the spring than the mulched soil. Both shrubs performed best with hardwood mulch. Junipers appeared to be the better plant selection in this study.