This article resituates the debate on approaches to gender in contexts of natural resource extraction in Latin America and, subsequently, outlines an intersectional, feminist proposal focused on geopolitical positionality, which points to the complex and global power relations that (re)position individuals and collectivities residing in spaces that have geopolitical value in a gendered way. This article draws on both empirical and theoretical research in/on extractive contexts, focusing on women, masculinities, and sexual markets. By paying special attention to the diversity of women's experiences and productive activities in extractive contexts, this article visibilizes their agency, as well as generates a more accurate account of how extractivist regimes operate and reconfigure gender relations on a local level. This expands existing approaches, allowing a situated, feminist critique, which helps to refine the study of gender and gendered power relations in their intersection with processes of natural resource extraction.
Este artículo indaga en la configuración de un movimiento de mujeres contra el extractivismo en América Latina. Para esto, revisa y analiza teóricamente las convergencias de: i) la movilización social por demandas de carácter ambiental y en contra del extractivismo de la naturaleza, con foco en la incorporación del género y la ecología política feminista; ii) la reivindicación y revalorización de experiencias territorializadas, tanto para la defensa de los territorios y los cuerpos como para la producción de saberes situados por parte del feminismo comunitario en conexión con otros feminismos; y iii) un diverso movimiento de mujeres que incorpora la lucha contra el extractivismo desde las ciudades, interpelando su origen rural y a sus principales actoras —mujeres indígenas, afrodescendientes y campesinas—, pero que la resignifica desde las problemáticas socioambientales propias del contexto urbano. Así, este trabajo se propone reflexionar en clave de género sobre las resistencias ante la avanzada extractivista neoliberal en Latinoamérica.
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