The 2 included studies reported conflicting findings regarding weight gain, length, and time to regained birth weight in moderate-to-late preterm neonates weighing 1,500 g or more at birth treated with peripherally administered parenteral nutrition (P-PN) versus 10% dextrose or dextrose-containing fluids. However, both studies reported no statistically significant difference in safety and other measures such as head circumference, time to full enteral feeds, and length of hospital stay between the treatment groups. The strength of the evidence was limited because analyses of the outcomes did not include measures that could minimize false-positive results, and a definitive conclusion could not be drawn regarding the clinical effectiveness of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for a term or moderate-to-late preterm neonates weighing 1,500 g or more at birth. No relevant evidence-based guidelines regarding using TPN in term or moderate-to-late preterm neonates weighing 1,500 g or more at birth was identified.

Catheter-related complications represent the major risk in parenteral nutrition. The evaluation of 115 patients with a total of 16 836 days of mainly home parenteral nutrition showed 19 infected and 21 noninfected complications. Among these were two thromboses of the superior vena cava which had to be cleared surgically. Related to one year of parenteral nutrition the rate of infected and non-infected complications was 0.87 cases. There was no correlation between the duration of parenteral nutrition and the frequency of catheter-related septicaemia. Apart from the material used for catheters and a standardised technique of implantation and care the meticulous selection of patients is decisive for a low rate of complications.

No relevant literature was identified regarding the comparative clinical effectiveness of cardiac monitoring devices for adolescents with eating disorders in inpatient settings. No evidence-based guidelines were identified regarding cardiac monitoring for adolescents with eating disorders in inpatient settings.