Abstract:The adducts pyrBF,Br and pyrBFBr, (pyr = pyridine) form fluoroboron cations by displacement of Br-by excess pyridine, the ease of cation formation being pyr,BFc >>pyr,BFBr+ > > p y r 3~~2 + .C1-can be displaced from pyrBF,Cl and pyr.BFCl,, but much less readily, to form pyr,BFc, pyr2BFC1+, and, under forcing conditions, a few percent of p y r ,~~' + .Nonfluorine-containing mixed boron trihalide adducts of pyridine also form haloboron cations by heaviest-halide-ion displacement, for example pyrBC11, giving pyr,BClI+, the ease of displacement always being I-> Br-> C1-, and displacement always occurring more readily from mixed boron trihalide adducts than from unmixed-halogen adducts. The mechanistic implications of this are discussed. ortho Substituents greatly reduce the ability of pyridine to displace heavy halide ion, so 2-methylpyridine gives 2-Mepyr,BF: and 2-Mepyr,BFBr+ but not 2-Mepyr,BFCl+ or 2 -~e~~r ,~~' + , while 2,6-dimethylpyridine does not form any haloboron cations. '9 spin-lattice relaxation times of the fluoroboron cations are much shorter than those of neutral boron trihalide adducts in the same solution, and provide a further diagnostic test for their presence.Key words: fluoroboron cations, pyridines, mixed boron trihalide adducts, fluorine-19 NMR, boron-11 NMR.RCsumC : Les adduits pyrBF,Br et pyr.BFBr, (pyr = pyridine) forment des cations du fluorobore par dkplacement de B r par l'excks de pyridine; la facilitk de formation du cation est la suivante : pyr,BF,+ >>pyr,BFBr+ > > p y r 3~~2 + . I1 est possible de dkplacer le C1-des adduits pyr.BF,Cl et pyrBFCl,, pour former les pyr,BFc, pyr,BFCl+, et en for~ant les conditions quelques pour cents du p y r 3~~' + , mais la rkaction est beaucoup plus lente. Les adduits de la pyridine avec des trihalogknures mixtes du bore ne contenant pas de fluor forment aussi des cations halobores par le dkplacement de l'halogene le plus lourd; par exemple, le pyr.BC11, conduit au pyr,BClI+, la facilitk de dkplacement est I-> B r > C1-et le dkplacement se fait toujours plus facilement 8 partir d'adduits trihalogknures mixtes du bore qu'8 partir d'adduits non melanges d'halogknures de bore. On discute des implications mkcanistiques de ces rksultats. Les substituants ortho ralentissent beaucoup la facilitk de la pyridine 8 dkplacer les ions halogknures lourds; ainsi, la 2-mkthylpyridine conduit aux 2-Mepyr,BF,+ et 2-Mepyr,BFBr+, mais pas aux 2-Mepyr,BFClf ou 2 -~e~~r ,~~' + alors que la 2,6-dimkthylpyridine ne forme aucun cations halobore. Les temps de relaxation spin-rkseau du ' 9~ dans les cations du fluorobore sont beaucoup plus courts que ceux des adduits trihalogknures de bore neutres dans la m&me solution et ils fournissent une mkthode supplkmentaire pour diagnostiquer leur presence.Mots clks : cations du fluorobore, pyridines, adduits des trihalogknures mixtes du bore, RMN du 1 9~, RMN du "B.[Traduit par la rkdaction]
The formation of four-coordinate haloboron cations from aliphatic tertiary arnine adducts of the mixed boron trihalides by heavy halogen displacement has been systematically studied by and "B nuclear magnetic resonance and positive ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB). Low-steric-hindrance donor molecules readily displace bromide ion from tertiary amine -bromodifluoroborane adducts, D.BF2Br, to form difluoroboron cations D2BF2+ and DDfBF2+, but the corresponding dibromofluoroborane and tribromoborane adducts are highly resistant to bromide ion displacement. Bis(tertiary amine)dichloroboron and -chloroiodoboron cations can be obtained by selective iodide displacement from D.BC121 and D.BC112. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry selectively detects the haloboron cations in preference to the neutral adducts in mixtures, and is a valuable complement to nmr in monitoring formation of the haloboron cations as well as any ionic by-products.Key words: difluoroboron cations, dihaloboron cations, NMR, "B, 1 9~, fast atom bombardment (FAB), ligand substitution, redistribution reactions. Faisant appel a la resonance magnktique nuclkaire du I9F et du "B ainsi qu'i la spectrometrie de masse des ions positifs par bombardement avec des atomes rapides (FAB), on a Ctudik d'une fagon systematique la formation des cations halogenobores tktra-coordonnes i partir d'adduits d'amines tertiaires aliphatiques sur des trihalogenures mixtes du bore par dkplacement des halogknes lourds. Des molCcules de faible empechement stkrique pouvant agir comme donneur dkplacant facilement l'ion brome d'adduits amine tertiaire -bromodifluoroborane, D.BF2Br, pour conduire h la formation de cations difluorobore, D2BF2+ et DD1BF2+; toutefois, les adduits correspondants du dibromofluoroborane et tribromoborane sont trks resistants i i tous deplacements de l'ion bromure. On peut obtenir les cations bis(amine tertiaire) dichlorobore et chloroiodobore par dkplacement selectif de l'iodure des composes D.BC121 et D.BC1I2. La spectrometrie de masse par bombardement avec des I atomes rapides detecte les cations halogtnobores d'une fagon selective par rapport aux adduits neutres presents dans les melanges; cette mCthode s'avere utile comme complkment i la rmn pour dktecter la formation des cations halogCnobores ainsi que de leurs sous-produits ioniques.Mots clis : cations difluorobores, cations dihalogCnobores, RMN, "B, 1 9~, bombardement avec des atomes rapides (FAB), Isubstitution de ligands, reactions de redistribution.[Traduit par la revue]
Tertiary amines of low steric hindrance readily displace bromide ion from bromodifluoroborane adducts of tertiary amines, D.BF2Br (D = donor), to form bidtertiary-amine)difluoroboron cations, D2BF2+ and OD'BF2+.Although tetrahedral four-co-ordinate boron cations are
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