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Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a combination of symptoms including urgency, frequency, and nocturia, with or without urinary incontinence. Overactive bladder has a high prevalence especially in those of an older age and women, with diagnosis depending on the patient’s symptoms. This study aims to assess brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HSCRP) in urine as biomarkers in OAB. Methods: Studies were searched from Pubmed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. All studies assessing BDNF, NGF, and HSCRP in urine in OAB patients were included. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were then calculated. Results: A total of 85 studies were included with a total of 11,483 subjects (6,885 OAB patients and 4,598 controls). Based on data analysis results, urinary NGF/Creatinine (NGF/Cr) and NGF level in OAB patients were significantly higher than control (SMD = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.80-1.20, P<0.00001; and SMD = 1.11, 95%CI = 0.79-1.43, P<0.00001). NGF/Cr level was found higher in OAB with incontinence (OAB wet) compared with OAB without incontinence (OAB dry) (SMD = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.23-0.60, P<0.0001), and decreased after treatment (SMD = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.49-1.03, P<0.00001). Urinary BDNF/Cr level was significantly higher in OAB patients compared with controls (SMD = 1.97, 95%CI = 1.14-2.79, P<0.00001), and also decreased significantly after treatment (SMD = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.42-1.08, P<0.00001). The level of HSCRP was significantly higher in OAB patients when compared with controls (SMD = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.12-0.64, P<0.004). Conclusions: The level of BDNF/Cr, NGF/Cr, NGF, and HSCRP in urine were found higher in OAB compared with controls, which means they may be used as a biomarkers for OAB.

BACKGROUND: Weekly consumption of iron supplementation is preferred to daily consumption of iron supplementation because of its minimal side effects and higher level of compliance. AIM: This study is to compare the maternal outcomes in pregnant women with daily and weekly consumption of iron supplementation in coastal region. METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted from July 2018 to January 2019 in Belawan Health Center and Medan Deli Health Center. Sixty-two pregnant women who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were given iron supplement everyday (Group 1, n = 29) and twice a week (Group 2, n = 33). Hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, and ferritin serum are tested before starting the iron supplementation. All numerical data were analyzed using t-test. RESULTS: There is no significant difference in mean hemoglobin and hematocrit before and after iron supplementation p = 0.222 and p = 0.793, respectively, however, decreasing level of ferritin serum from 41.21 to 26.29 ng/ml (p = 0.001) is found. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ferritin serum means, before and after supplementation were not statistically different between daily and weekly group (p = 0.421, p = 0.197, p = 0.917). CONCLUSION: To prevent iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, weekly or daily iron supplementation show similar effectiveness although continuous consumption of iron supplementation during breastfeeding period is needed to restore iron loss during pregnancy.

Objective: This study is the first study to test the effect of andaliman on preeclampsia. This study aims to discover whether andaliman fruit extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) affects the level of TNF α and IL-6 in preeclamptic LPS Induces mice Methods: This study uses analytical research with quasi-experimental research design in laboratory rats (Micetus Norvegicus) pregnant females given andaliman extract (zantoxylumacantophodium) at doses of 100 mg and 200 mg per day. The study design allowed the researchers to measure the effect of treatment (intervention) in the experimental group by way of comparing the experimental group and control group. This design allows the researcher to determine the extent or extent of the change. The treatment of all samples was carried out simultaneously and during the treatment, it was observed using the type of Postest Only Control Group. Results: Andaliman has been shown to reduce TNF-α levels in preeclampsia mice. The mean TNF-α in the K-, P1, P2 and K+ groups was 84.4; 90.1; 95.1; 109.7 (P<0.001). Andaliman has been shown to reduce IL-6 levels in preeclampsia rats. The mean IL-6 in the K-, P1, P2 and K+groups was 16.7; 67.5; 18.8; 21.1 (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study proves that there are anti-inflammatory effects possessed by the extract of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium), thus showing a decrease in proinflammatory cytokine levels, namely TNF-α, IL6. This study also has a good clinical outcome after administering Andaliman extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium), where there are improvements in blood pressure, cystole-diastole, MAP and decreased urinary protein in research subjects with preeclampsia.

Objective: To evaluate sexual function and quality of life features using two validated Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaires, and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) in patients with sexually active on Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) Disorder patient.Method: This research is a cross sectional analytic observational study which was conducted in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital from January 2017 - December 2019. Thirty-five study patients who have been diagnosed with PAS disorder and have been treated for at least 3 months were divided into hysterectomy and conservative groups. This study data consisted of primary data from interviews and secondary data from medical records. Independent T test is used if it is normally distributed and Mann-Whitney is used if it is not normally distributed, and it is declared significant if the P value is <0.05. Result: From 8 assessment variables in the SF-36 questionnaire by comparing the questionnaire scores of PASD patients in the hysterectomy and conservative groups by showing significant results on social function (P value 0.021). Whereas in the FSFI questionnaire, there were 6 variables to assess the sexual function of patients with pain variable showing significant results (P value 0.007).Conclusion: There were differences in quality of life (social function) and sexual function (pain) in PASD patients in the hysterectomy and conservative groups.Keywords: Female Sexual Functional Index, Placenta Accreta Spectrum, Quality of Life, Short-Form Health Survey. Abstrak Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi fungsi seksual dan fitur kualitas hidup dengan menggunakan dua kuesioner tervalidasi Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), dan Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) pada pasien dengan placenta accrete spectrum (PAS) disorder yang aktif secara seksual setelah tindakan operasi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Adam Malik dari January 2017-December 2019. Tiga puluh lima pasien yang didiagnosis dengan plasenta akreta spectrum dan telah ditatalaksana minimal 3 bulan dibagi menjadi kelompok histerektomi and konservatif. Data penelitian ini terdiri atas data primer dari wawancara dan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Uji T independen digunakan jika berdistribusi normal dan Mann-Whitney digunakan jika tidak berdistribusi normal, serta dinyatakan signifikan jika nilai P <0.05.Hasil: Dari 8 variabel penilaian dalam kuesioner SF-36 dengan membandingkan skor kuesioner pasien PASD pada kelompok histerektomi dan konservatif dengan menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan pada fungsi sosial (nilai P = 0,021). Sedangkan dalam kuesioner FSFI terdapat 6 variabel untuk menilai fungsi seksual pasien dengan variabel nyeri yang menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan (nilai P = 0,007).Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan dalam kualitas hidup (fungsi sosial) dan fungsi seksual (nyeri) pada pasien PASD di kelompok histerektomi dan konservatif. Kata Kunci: female sexual functional index, placenta accreta spectrum, quality of life, short-form health survey.