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RIF pain is a hall mark of acute appendicitis until proven otherwise decision making in a case of acute appendicitis may be difficult for junior surgeons hence we aimed at analysis in RIF pain. Out of 120 cases we found 3 rare entities they are PMP, CT of appendix and perforated appendix in LIF. Pseudomyxomaperinei and carcinoid tumour are rare presentations. Despite the current standard of treatment modalities as extensive surgical resection combined with chemotherapy, PMP and CT frequently recurs with treatment options being limited at recurrence and with severe impact on quality of life. Perforated appendix in LIF is also a rare presentation which needs appendicectomy, perforation closer with omental patch.

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Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health concerns in India. Treatment of tuberculosis need multidrug combinations, which is associated with increased incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Hence there is a need of active monitoring for adverse effects in patients who are on antitubercular treatment (ATT). Objectives: To study the pattern of ADRs caused by antitubercular drugs and to assess causality, severity and predisposing factors. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted for 6 months in tertiary care hospital of Mandya. A total of 74 patients of tuberculosis who experienced ADRs were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. Their demographic, treatment and ADR data were collected and analysed. Causality was assessed using WHO scale and Naranjo’s algorithm, whereas severity was assessed by Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. Results: Among 74 patients, 55(74.32%) were males and 19 (25.67%) were females. A total of 86 ADRs were recorded amongst 74 patients, as 11 patients experienced two ADRs. During intensive and continuation phase of treatment, 65 (87.63%) and 9 (12.16%)patients experienced ADRs respectively. Gastrointestinal side effects and hepatotoxicity were the most frequently observed ADRs with 23 (26.7%) each, followed by pruritus and rashes in 18 (20.93%) patients.63.51% of ADRs had an association with fixed dose combination (FDC) of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. As per WHO scale and Naranjo’s algorithm majority of ADRs were probable with 44 (59.45%) and 58 (78.37%) respectively. Most of the ADRs belonged to mild (67.56%) category as per Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. Conclusion: ADRs induced by ATT are common. Hence counselling of patients regarding their life style along with early detection and management will minimize the occurrence of ADRs and improvethe adherence to treatment.

Background: Recent studies have shown particular differences foundin both gender neurotic disorders but not in psychotic disorders with regard to environmental factors. But research inthis area in Pakistan is direly needed. Aims & Objectives: To find out what gender; either male or female more affectfrom environmental factors whether they are susceptible of that disorder or not and to find out the “etiology of genderdifferences in psychological disorder”. Design: Non-interventional comparative study. Setting: Department ofPsychiatry, District Headquarters Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: From May 2005 to Oct 2005. Material and Methods:A total of 80 patients of all ages are taken from in which we divide the sample i.e. each disorder comprises of 20patients 10 male and 10 females. The Hospital that used is DHQ Hospital Faisalabad. We have used the randomselection. The study is comprises of patient having Mood disorder, Anxiety, schizophrenia and personality disorder.For the simple analysis of data, percentages were applied for the statistical analysis. Results: The result showed thathypothesis is supported because there are significant differences (i.e. 42.5% > 30%) found as environmental factorsaffect more universally on females. Conclusion: Environmental factors affect more in women psychological health.Etiological gender differences in psychological disorders with special reference of mood disorder, anxiety disorder,schizophrenia and personality disorders are real and these gender differences may be due to their both nature ornurture gender. There are significant etiological gender differences in neurotic disorders i.e. Depression and anxietydisorder and minor difference in psychotic disorders i.e. Schizophrenia and mania.