We report a case of conus medullaris syndrome presenting with lower limb and bladder symptoms. MR imaging showed an abnormality in the lowest part of the spinal cord as a first presentation of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-associated disease. While such cord swelling can mimic a tumour, these patients respond well to corticosteroids, with good outcomes. MOG-associated disease is an immune-mediated syndrome distinct from aquaporin 4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica syndrome and is now considered an independent entity. Although there can be overlapping phenotypes, there are also differences, and MOG-associated disease generally has a much better prognosis compared with aquaporin 4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica syndrome.

A 73-year-old woman developed cognitive decline over 1 year. MR scan of the brain showed a focal asymmetrical leukoencephalopathy involving the right frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. Extensive laboratory investigations found no cause but brain biopsy identified amyloid-beta-related angiitis (ABRA), a potentially treatable cause of rapid-onset dementia. We gave intravenous methylprednisolone and then two courses of intravenous cyclophosphamide, after which her cognitive skills gradually but significantly improved over several months.

All around the world, sheeps and goats play an important role in small scale farming systems. Goat farming is very beneficial from economic point of view. It provides many products but meat and milk are the major products. Goat meat has low level of calorie, fat and cholesterol so it is a healthy substitute to beef and lamb. Moreover goats also use extensively to provide milk for human consumption. It is easier to digest than cow's milk because it has smaller fat globules than cow's milk. In order to support metabolic process all living organisms require essential nutrients, to keep themselves alive so variations in animal diets may improve both the quantity and quality of the final products. In recent years, yeasts are gaining popularity in fattening system as a probiotics.Since yeast is robust with high viability under a range of environmental conditions and can be culture very easily so yeast cultures are more commonly used as a feed supplements in livestock feeding systems. These cultures have positive impact on microbial population in gastrointestinal tract and they increase the beneficial activities associated with these microorganisms that has indirect impact on animal performance. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillusoryza are the most important yeast products and they are very significant for the manipulation of rumen metabolism.It is stated by most of the researchers that yeast culture supplementation has positive impact on carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, feed intake and the growth performance of the goats in cost effective way but on the other hand some of the scientists do not support that results and they concluded that yeast supplementation in the diet of goats and other ruminants do not have any significant influences on animal performance, carcass characteristics and other features.Step by step, this paper will make the detail evaluation of the use of dietary yeast and its product in the feeding regime of meat type goats, impact of yeast on goat physiognomic features such as growth performance, feed efficiency, digestibility and meat quality.