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Background Central nervous system neoplasms are a primary cause of mortality and one of the most frequent solid tumors in children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in the diagnosis and treatment response of pediatric brain tumors as well as providing us with functional information regarding cellularity, metabolism, and neoangiogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the contributional role of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and diffusion weight imaging (DWI) in pediatric brain tumor grading by assessing the intratumoral susceptibility signals (ITSS), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and relative ADC (rADC). Results A significant correlation was noted between the (ITSS) score and the brain tumor grade (P < 0.001) with a descending trend in the low-grade tumor (ITSS score 0 = 14/29, score 1 = 11/29, and score 2 = 4/29) and an ascending trend in the high-grade tumor (ITSS score 0 = 4/41, score 1 = 9/41 and score 2 = 22/41). No embryonal tumor showed an ITSS score of 0. Apparent diffusion coefficient sensitivity and specificity were 82.9% and 82.8%, respectively, while rADC sensitivity and specificity were 91.4% and 86.2%, respectively. For high-grade tumors, the ITSS score 2 had a significant positive prediction (P = 0.009) and the rADC value had a significant negative prediction (P = 0.031). Conclusions Susceptibility-weighted imaging ITSS score, ADC, and rADC have a promising role in preoperative pediatric brain tumor grading and should be considered as complementary sequences to routine MRI studies.

Purpose The liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) is a structured reporting system that categorizes hepatic observations according to major imaging features and lesion size, with an optional ancillary features contribution. This study aimed to evaluate inter-reader agreement of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using LI-RADS v2018 lexicon. Material and methods Forty-nine patients with 69 hepatic observations were included in our study. The major and ancillary features of each hepatic observation were evaluated by 2 radiologists using LI-RADS v2018, and the interreader agreement was allocated. Results The inter-reader agreement of major LI-RADS features was substantial; κ of non-rim arterial hyperenhancement, non-peripheral washout appearance, and enhancing capsule was 0.796, 0.799, and 0.772 ( p < 0.001), respectively. The agreement of the final LI-RADS category was substantial with κ = 0.651 ( p < 0.001), and weighted κ = 0.786 ( p < 0.001). The inter-reader agreement of the ancillary features was substantial to almost perfect (k range from 0.718 to 1; p < 0.001). An almost perfect correlation was noted for the hepatic lesion size measurement with ICC = 0.977 ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The major and ancillary features of the LI-RADS v2018, as well as the final category and lesions size, have substantial to almost perfect inter-reader agreement.