Purpose: we aimed to identify potential candidate biomarkers in aorta tissue from AAD patients. Methods: We used 4D label-free quantification (4D-LFQ) mass spectrometry to screen differentially expressed proteins in aorta tissues of AAD patients. Then we performed protein annotation, unsupervised hierarchical clustering, functional classification, functional enrichment and cluster, and protein-protein interaction analyses. Parallel Reaction Monitoring (PRM) technology was used to accurately and quantitatively confirm the selected target proteins. Results: A total of 3350 proteins were identified. Taking 1.5 times as the differential expression threshold, 139 were upregulated and 108 were downregulated as compared to the control groups. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differential proteins were mainly distributed in extracellular matrix and cytoplasm. And their functions mainly involve cell migration and proliferation, inflammatory cell activation, cell contraction, muscle organ development and other processes. PRM technology accurately quantified the selected 20 target proteins, and found SAA1, LBP, MPO, and ENG were confirmed to be enriched in the aorta tissue of AAD patients. Conclusions: This is the first application of a 4D-LFQ-PRM workflow to identify and validate biomarkers in AAD patients. SAA1, LBP, MPO, and ENG represent novel biomarkers for the pathogenesis of AAD and might be a therapeutic target in the future.

Background: The pathogenesis of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is very complicated. The present study aimed to identity some candidate genes as biomarkers for NPC diagnosis and pathogenesis.Methods: Three Microarray datasets GSE53819, GSE64634 and GSE12452 and a methylation array (GSE52068) were re-analyzed. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were applied. STRING software was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs and visualized by Cytoscape. Random Forest (RF) algorithm was performed to construct classifiers and identified key genes.Results: A total of 91 DEGs were screened from the three datasets. GO term and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that the DEGs were predominantly enriched in drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 pathway, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 pathway, chemical carcinogenesis pathway, ciliary part, motile cilium, axoneme, microtubule and ciliary plasm. We obtained nine hub genes and one significant module. We constructed a classifier based on DEGs and found CLIC6 and CLU have the best classification ability. Finally, five hypermethylated and downregulated genes (hyper-down) were identified by integrating methylation data.Conclusions: With gene expression and methylation data integration analysis, several key genes were identified may be potential biomarkers for NPC diagnosis and pathogenesis.

Gallium phosphide (GaP) is a widely used and promising semiconductor material for photonics devices and we suppose the ultrafast laser can be a competitive tool for GaP processing. We used an 800 nm centered femtosecond (fs) laser with a pulse duration of 50 fs to irradiate the GaP crystal. The ablation threshold was first determined, and then the ultrafast dynamics including plasma expansion, shockwave formation and propagation, and spectral evolution were acquired and analyzed. The evolution of ejected plasma in the initial stage changed from cylindrical to planar propagation with the augment of laser fluence. The study on the propagation properties of shockwaves showed that the energy of propelling shockwaves accounted for 12% to 18% of the laser pulse energy at all fluences above the ablation threshold. A prominent plasma splitting was observed at a fluence slightly higher than the threshold, and a phenomenon that the plasma protruded out of the shockwaves was also found. Finally, the transient temperature and density of electron at different fluences were calculated. The temperature difference between the plasma and the shockwave proved the heating effect of the plasma during ablation.