The common spread pattern of ovarian cancer is peritoneal implantation. The growth of the shed ovarian cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity is closely related to the tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts are vital in the tumor microenvironment. It is not clearly defined that the protein expression alters during the activating process of fibroblasts. This study detected the protein alterations in fibroblasts induced by ovarian cancer cells and explored the potential biological relevance through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Our data showed that the level of CENPE, BAG2, SOD2, GDI2, CORO1C, CFL1, DSTN, CALD1, PHGDH, PDHA1, AKR1B1, TST and TBCA proteins were significantly up-regulated in the fibroblasts co-cultured with ovarian cancer cells, whereas HSPB1, P4HB and VIM were significantlydown-regulated. However, only BAG2, SOD2 and CORO1C proteins were confirmed to be significantly increased by western blot analysis. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in metabolic processes, cellular component organization, responses to stimulus, multicellular organismal processes, localization, protein depolymerization, cellular senescence and the mitotic pathway. These data demonstrated that fibroblasts had an altered protein expression pattern after being induced by ovarian cancer cells, and participated in multiple cell processes resulting in tumor progression. The differentially expressed proteins should be considered as targets for cancer treatment.

For the ex-situ conservation of giant pandas, both collecting and preserving semen are important methods. The seminal plasma is rich in nutrients and bioactive substances, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and hormones, which play an important role in the reproduction and reproductive health of the species. This is the first study to analyze the seminal plasma proteins of giant pandas through proteomics and identified 1125 proteins. These proteins are related to protein turnover, translation, and metabolism. The seminal plasma proteins of giant pandas were then compared to those of humans, pigs and sheep, with many unique proteins found in giant panda samples. Among these proteins, the WD40 repeat-containing proteins have been identified and implicated in sperm function and fertility. Understanding the composition and function of proteins in the giant panda seminal plasma proteome can provide valuable insights into their reproductive biology and help develop strategies to improve their reproductive success in captivity, which is essential for giant panda conservation.