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Green and sustainable techniques are in great demand for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. Cadmium ion (Cd2+) in soil could be extracted under an internal electric field and participating on the surface of the electrode. Here, we propose a sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) for the electrokinetic remediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Within the seven weeks of SMFC operation, the removal efficiency for total Cd could be up to 70.04±0.45%, which was significantly higher than that obtained by open circuit SMFC. The maximum output power density was 71.00 ± 0.82 mW/m2 with a current density of 0.60 ± 0.03 A/m2. Results obtained by electrochemical impedance showed that the inter resistance of SMFC was 944±14 Ω. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the Alpha-, Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria increased to 67.85%-80.99% in the SMFC. The relative abundance of Cd2+/Zn2+-exporting ATPase, participating in Cd2+ reduction, in SMFC varied from 25.83% to 30.68%, which were significantly higher than that of control (11.21% to19.94%). Our findings have presented an effective energy-saving method for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils.