Actually Management Accounting is considered for an important group of researchers as a social science. This is a consequence of an evolution from an economic view to social-oriented perspectives. Following Mario Bunge's theory, we establish that break point in 1980s. Until 1980s, the accounting research was dominated by an economic analysis with both utilitarian and cognitive objectives. The scientific growth was in surface, without any relevant change in the foundations of Management Accounting. The development of new concerns regarding social implications promotes a growth in depth in the 1980s. Socio-economic analysis, both in interpretative and critical research, is developed following utilitarian and cognitive objectives.We defend that Management Accounting, to consolidate its status as a social science, needs an evolutionary, reflexive and trans-disciplinary thinking, in both theoretical and empirical dimension. Utilitar ian and cognitive approaches must be developed and in a coordinated way. Dialogue between different theoretical perspectives will support the utilitarian objective. Dialogue between different methods and findings, in particular case studies, will contribute to both utilitarian and cognitive dimensions.

In recent years, most sectors have benefited from an explosion in the creation of startups in different entrepreneurial environments. In relation with the entrepreneurship, there has been a growing interest in the role of informal investors in the creation of new companies with the objective of identifying the characteristics that could help governments and regulators to promote different measures that help economic growth. The objective of this analysis is to identify the factors that characterize the informal investors in Spain and India. The analysis was performed using data from the website "Global Entrepreneurship Monitor" (GEM) from the period 2012-2016 at the global individual level for Spain and for India. The method utilized to evaluate the data was a logistic regression. The purpose is to compare the existing differences between the factors that characterize an informal investor in different economic periods (pre-crisis, crisis, post-crisis), in two different entrepreneurial environments, such as Spain and India to identify measures or actions that can be implemented by the national and local organisms to promote informal investment and entrepreneurship. Findings identify clear differences between Spain and India in relation to the informal investor profile.