El trabajo se propone analizar el proceso de interiorización del cambio de un sistema contable de gestión (SCG) en las pequeñas empresas (PYME), y examinar cómo las características de este proceso afectan a su institucionalización. Para ello, se ha utilizado la perspectiva de análisis que ofrece la corriente de la Teoría Institucional (TI) en su vertiente denominada Antiguo Institucionalismo Económico (OIE). El objetivo del estudio es identificar los factores de interiorización que influyen en la institucionalización del cambio de un SCG en la PYME. Por ello, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de caso en una pequeña empresa del sector del mueble en el periodo de abril a junio de 2007. El análisis de las evidencias empíricas indica que los factores de interiorización que influyeron positivamente en la institucionalización del SCG fueron los conocimientos y habilidades de los agentes implicados en el cambio, los recursos informáticos, la formación del personal, la baja participación de expertos externos en SCG, el sistema de incentivos a los operarios, las relaciones de confianza, el proceso de planificación y la implicación del personal.
Purpose There is an increasingly growing interest in treading beyond the traditional university goals of teaching and research to focus on their contribution to society through knowledge transfer (KT) performance activities. This paper aims to determine how performance management systems (PMSs) encourage lecturers to engage in the transfer of knowledge from higher education institutions (HEIs) to society. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a sample of 3,812 Spanish university lecturers surveyed about different PMS tools – strategic plans, budgeting, meetings and reward systems – and different KT activities – research and development contracts, patents, extended patents, licenses, services and spin-offs – for the 2011–2016 period. A logit model was applied for the statistical analyzes. Findings As expected, enabling the use of these tools generally increases the probability of producing KT while only in some cases does coercive use reduce it. Moreover, combining enabling and coercive uses does not increase the likelihood of KT performance. Practical implications University policymakers and managers should reduce the gap between KT and research and teaching by, for example, examining the effects of their performance management practices on scholars’ perceptions and their subsequent behavior. Originality/value Despite previous literature states that coercive use decreases performance, the authors reveal that this is not the case for KT performance in HEIs. According to the findings, a specific record of KT, i.e. a coercive strategic plan tool, has a consistently positive effect on all four KT activities as follows: R&D contracts, patents, extended patents and licenses.
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