Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal en menores de seis comunidades indígenas residentes en Cali, ColombiaMercedes ABSTRACTObjective Establishing the prevalence of intestinal parasitism in children aged 5 to 14 years of age from six indigenous communities residing in the city of Cali. Methodology A cross-sectional, descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in six indigenous communities residing in the city of Cali; it consisted of making a direct serial and concentration coproparasitological examination of a randomly selected sample of fi fty-seven 5 to 14 year-old children.Results Of the 57 samples obtained, 84 % of the children were infected with parasites; protozoa (98 %) predominated over helminths (16.7 %) and mixed parasitemia was found in 14.6 % of the samples. Monoparasitism appeared in children over 10 years of age and biparasitism (10.4 %) and polyparasitism (52.1 %) in children under 10 years of age. Regarding occult blood determination, 6 % were observed to be positive in all the samples analysed; 4 % of these results were associated with E. histolytica/dispar. The simple parasitism index (SPI) refl ected a high degree of infestation amongst the children included in the study. Conclusions The prevalence of intestinal parasitism in indigenous infants was higher than that reported nationally in the overall adolescent and school-aged children population in the same age group. Mono-and polyparasitism prevailed in the positive samples. The infestation load was not randomly distributed amongst the communities.

Caracterización de los casos de abuso sexual valorados en los servicios de urgencias y consulta externa de una institución hospitalaria de primer nivel en el Departamento del Cauca, 2007 -2015Characterization of sexual abuse cases valued in the emergency services and outpatient consultation of a firstlevel hospital institution in the department of Cauca, 2007Cauca, -2015 Gloria

Objective: to evaluate the correlation between a group of conventional biomarkers of cardiovascular risk with the Castelli-I and Castelli-II indices, and TG/HDL-C ratio in patients assigned to a program of cardiovascular risk for users of the clinical laboratory service of an institution that provides health services in the southwest of the Colombia. Materials and Methods:  retrospective, descriptive multivariate exploratory study, carried out in 2 126 patients. Some sociodemographic variables were analyzed, as well as glucose and lipid profile. The Castelli-I and Castelli-II indices, and TG/HDL-C ratio were calculated. The correlation among the variables was evaluated through a matrix of correlations, the correlation index and the Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity. The analysis ended with a study of main components, which allowed to identify how the variables studied were grouped into components that characterized the population. Results:  the average age was 56 ± 11 years; 68.7% were women; 48% hypercholesterolemic and 49% hypertriglyceridemic; 22% with alterations in glucose. Total cholesterol correlated positively with LDL-C and triglycerides negatively with HDL-C. Two components characterized the population, one related to cardiovascular risk and the other to lipid alterations. Conclusions:  conventional biomarkers reveal high prevalences in dyslipidemias, in contrast to atherogenic indices. The results highlight the importance of considering the evaluation of these indices in primary care and the need to strengthen the measurement systems of clinical laboratories for the reliability of the data on which decisions are made for the management of these patients.

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El riesgo biológico es el principal contribuyente a la accidentalidad laboral en el personal de enfermería quienes están continuamente expuestos, generando alta probabilidad de contagio con microorganismos, por ende, se hace necesario evaluar los conocimientos en riesgo biológico y las actitudes del personal de enfermería en la aplicación de normas de bioseguridad. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal en 131 profesionales y auxiliares de enfermería, en el que se evaluaron conocimientos y actitudes que tienen frente al tema de riesgo biológico, medidas de protección y buenas prácticas. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y un análisis bivariado usando tanto Chi2 como del Test Exacto de Fisher, considerando alfa 0,05. Resultados: El 85% de la muestra eran auxiliares de enfermería y el 89% mujeres. Más del 80% tienen niveles de conocimiento entre medio y bajo. En más del 60% la actitud frente a la aplicación de las normas de bioseguridad fue desfavorable o indiferente. Se evidenció una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de conocimientos y las actitudes (P <0,05). Conclusiones: Se evidencia la necesidad de mejorar los conocimientos y actitudes necesarias del personal de enfermería en el tema de riesgo biológico, de tal forma que puedan reconocerlo y mitigar sus consecuencias.