With time, dosage forms have progressed, from essential tablets to advanced systems, which are now more focused on providing better ease of administration to the patients. One such advantageous novel drug delivery system is Nanoemulsion based drug delivery. The Nanoemulsion-based system is reasonably a new means of enhancing drug delivery; Nanoemulsions are sub-micron size particles roughly in the size range of 50-600 nm. The review focuses on conveying information by combining various articles and study reports to understand the work done in this field. This review paper aims to serve as a tool to understand the development of Nanoemulsion. The study comprehensively analyses the preparation methods, composition, characterization, and stability and their application in drug delivery via various routes. Lastly, the paper also describes the recent five formulations prepared for nanoemulsions and their applicability as discussed in the literature.

Antifungal agents of the echinocandin family act on the fungal cell wall by inhibition of synthesis of β (1, 3)-D-glucan. Currently no market formulation is available for ocular delivery of new antifungal agents from the echinocandin family. Further, currently available eye drops in market have the limitations due to high lacrimal drainage and low corneal permeability. The aim of the present work is to optimize and characterize nanoemulsion of an antifungal agent form echinocandin family for ocular delivery. Nanoemulsion was prepared using high shear homogenization followed by high pressure homogenizer. Solubility studies were carried out to identify suitable oil and surfactant. A three level three factor Box-Behnken design was used to optimize nanoemulsion. Prepared formulation was characterized for globule size, zeta potential, polydispersity index and in vitro drug release study by dialysis method using bottle apparatus. Eye irritation study was carried out by Hen’s egg chorioallantoic Membrane test. Stability study of the prepared formulation was performed as per ICH guidelines. Prepared nanoemulsion is transparent with a blue tinge. Optimized batch of nanoemulsion showed average globule size of 108.5 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.108. The results of in vitro drug release study suggest more than 90% drug release over a period of 24 h. Developed formulation was found to be non-irritant and stable when stored at 40°C and can be used for ophthalmic delivery.