The objective of our study was to examine the understandings of elementary school teachers who implemented classroom action research (CAR) in their professional life. A phenomenological study approach was employed in this research to explore the elementary school teachers’ understanding of their CAR views and to uncover the difficulties they experienced when implementing it. We collected the research data from interviews with 12 public elementary school teachers. The results of our study show that elementary school teachers comprehend the benefits of CAR, namely enhancing the quality of learning and developing their professional careers. However, they still experience difficulties in implementing CAR. Inadequate acquisition of knowledge about the substantial components of CAR, weak teacher self-management and insufficient school resources are hindering factors preventing teachers from implementing CAR in their professional life..   Keywords: Action research, elementary school, teacher competence, teacher difficulties, teacher experiences

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Christmas is a long-awaited holiday especially for Christians throughout the World, including the City of Manado where Manado City is one of the cities in Indonesia which has a majority Christian community. where the city of Manado is very enthusiastic where the shopping center is very crowded before Christmas. The purpose of this study is to find out how consumer behavior and what factors influence the decision making process of purchasing products before Christmas. From the results of data analysis it was found that psychological factors and social and cultural factors had the biggest role in the decision making process in purchasing consumer products, namely the Manado people before Christmas.

Christian youth leadership began to experience disruption along with technological developments. This study aims to describe how the leadership of Christian youth in the GMIM Bukit ZaitunRanomuut congregation, describes what efforts were made by young Christians as the next generation of the church in maintaining leadership within the GMIM Bukit ZaitunRanomuut congregation. The data in this study were observed and collected through interviews with young people at the GMIM Bukit ZaitunRanomuut, after which it was analyzed. It was found that the youth leadership of GMIM Bukit ZaitunRanomuut assumed that the leader was only limited to someone who led a group of people such as the youth elder and the youth commission in the GMIM Bukit ZaitunRanomuut congregation. Efforts are being made to continue to give themselves in youth fellowship and youth leadership training. For this reason, Christian youth, as successors to the church, must realize that each person is a leader who leads himself, so he must try to equip himself with various youth training and fellowships to have an impact on others.

This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The purpose of this study is to find out how the psychological approach of religion in conflict management efforts. In religious life, living in peace is a very important part. Even though it is realized that religion is often used to show radicalism and intolerance. Religion, which is universal in nature, is understood as a concept, experience and actualization of espoused values. Religion is expected to provide a solution to the problems of the soul of its adherents because the values contained include mutual respect and respect. Through a religious psychology approach, we can see the resolution of a conflict.