The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a chicken nugget formulation with partial substitution of the meat or fat by pea fibre. Three formulations were developed: Control (C) – commercial formulation, Fibre Less Meat (FLM) – reduction of 10% of meat and addition of 2% of pea fibre and Fibre Less Fat (FLF) – reduction of 10% of fat and addition of 2% pea fibre. The products were characterized for their pH value, instrumental colour, texture, cooking loss (frying), proximate composition, and sensory properties (acceptance test). The control treatment presented lower (p<0.05) pH values compared to FLM and FLF. The analysis of cooking loss showed no differences (p>0.05) amongst the treatments. The texture analysis showed no significant differences amongst the treatments for elasticity and cohesiveness, although the FLF batch was firmer than the others (p<0.05). Regarding the sensory acceptance test, the consumers detected no differences (p>0.05) amongst the three treatments for aroma, texture, flavour or overall acceptability. One can conclude that it is possible to partially replace meat and fat by pea fibre in chicken nuggets, without compromising most of the physicochemical characteristics and without altering the sensory acceptance.
ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar as características físico-químicas e sensoriais de apresuntado adicionado de fibra de ervilha como substituto parcial de carne visando redução de custos. Foram processadas duas formulações: Controle -semelhante à formulação comercial e Fibra/Menos Carne (FMC) -redução de 5% de carne e adição de 1% de fibra de ervilha mais 4% de água. Após o processamento, os produtos foram caracterizados quanto a pH, perfil de textura, cor objetiva, perdas por gotejamento, composição centesimal e avaliação sensorial (teste de aceitação com escala hedônica de nove pontos). Na análise do perfil de textura, os parâmetros dureza e mastigabilidade foram maiores (p<0,05) na formulação Controle. A formulação FMC apresentou valor de L* superior (p<0,05) e valores de a* e b* inferiores (p<0,05) ao tratamento Controle. Quanto à avaliação sensorial, os atributos aroma, aparência, textura e sabor não apresentaram diferenças (p>0,05). Já em relação à aceitação geral as formulações diferiram (p<0,05), sendo que FMC apresentou maior aceitabilidade em comparação ao Controle. Conclui-se que é possível utilizar a fibra de ervilha em apresuntado substituindo parcialmente a carne, gerando um produto com boa aceitação sensorial e menores custos. Palavras-chave: aceitação sensorial; fibras alimentares; produtos cárneos; redução de custo; textura. AbstractThis study was developed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of chopped ham prepared with the addition of pea fiber as a partial substitute of meat. Two treatment samples were processed: Control (C)-commercial production; and Fiber Less Meat (FLM)-reduction of 5% of meat and addition of 1% of fiber and 4% of water. After processing, the products were characterized regarding pH levels, texture, objective color, loss by dripping, centesimal composition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and sensorial evaluation (9-point hedonic scale acceptability test). Analyzing the texture, the parameters for firmness and chewy were higher (p<0.05) for the C
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