Worldwide, more than one million people die each year from hepatitis C virus (HCV) related diseases, and over 300 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B or C. Egypt used to be on the top of the countries with heavy HCV burden. Some countries are making advances in elimination of HCV, yet multiple factors preventing progress; remain for the majority. These factors include lack of global funding sources for treatment, late diagnosis, poor data, and inadequate screening. Treatment of HCV in Egypt has become one of the top national priorities since 2007. Egypt started a national treatment program intending to provide cure for Egyptian HCV-infected patients. Mass HCV treatment program had started using Pegylated interferon and ribavirin between 2007 and 2014. Yet, with the development of highly-effective direct acting antivirals (DAAs) for HCV, elimination of viral hepatitis has become a real possibility. The Egyptian National Committee for the Control of Viral Hepatitis did its best to provide Egyptian HCV patients with DAAs. Egypt adopted a strategy that represents a model of care that could help other countries with high HCV prevalence rate in their battle against HCV. This review covers the effects of HCV management in Egyptian real life settings and the outcome of different treatment protocols. Also, it deals with the current and future strategies for HCV prevention and screening as well as the challenges facing HCV elimination and the prospect of future eradication of HCV.
Background:
There is a strong association between liver diseases and diabetes (DM) which
is higher than expected by a correlation between two very common diseases. Liver diseases may occur
as a result of diabetes, and the reverse is true as well.
Aim:
To review the etiology of this association between liver diseases and diabetes and how to diagnose
it.
Methods:
Studies that identified this association between liver diseases and diabetes and how to diagnose
it was reviewed.
Results:
his association can be divided into the following categories: liver disease related to diabetes
(Diabetic hepatopathy), hepatogenous diabetes (HD), and liver diseases that occur in conjunction with
Diabetes mellitus. Two hours after glucose loading is the best screening test for HD. HbA1c may
neither be suitable for diagnosis nor monitoring of diabetes that links liver disease.
Conclusion:
NAFLD, hepatogenous diabetes, glycogenic hepatopathy and diabetic hepatosclerosis are
the most important association between liver diseases and diabetes. The criteria for the diagnosis of
diabetes associating liver disease are the same for primary diabetes. Two hours post glucose load is the
best screening test for HD due to the fact that fasting glucose can be normal early in the disease. The
tool used for diabetes monitoring depends on stage and severity of liver condition.
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