This study examined the 2013 New Mexico Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (NM-YRRS) to determine whether cultural connectedness and positive relationships with adults protected against suicide attempts among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth and whether these relationships differed by gender. The sample included 2,794 AI/AN students in grades 9 to 12 who answered the question about past-year suicide attempts. Protective factor variables tested included relationships with adults at home, school, and the community. The language spoken at home was used as a proxy measure for cultural connectedness. Positive relationships with adults were negatively associated with the prevalence of past-year suicide attempts in bivariate analysis. However, language spoken at home was not associated with the prevalence of suicide attempts. Multivariate analysis showed that among girls, relationships with adults at home, at school, and in the community were independently associated with lower suicide-attempt prevalence. Among boys, only relationships with adults at home showed such an association. These results have important implications for the direction of future research about protective factors associated with AI/AN youth suicide risk as well as in the design of suicide intervention and prevention programs.

Teachers and other school adults can decrease suicide risk for Hispanic teens by forming supportive relationships with students. Special consideration should be given to providing free breakfast in schools.

Introduction-Grand Canyon National Park has seen an increase in visitors traversing the canyon from rim to rim (R2R) in a single day. R2R hikers travel over 33.8 km (21 mi) over 3300 m (11,000 ft) of elevation change and endure large temperature changes. Grand Canyon emergency medical service providers provide emergency medical services to over 1100 visitors annually. Direct guidance by Preventive Search and Rescue rangers has improved safety. The objective of this study was to examine visitors attempting an R2R traverse and to enhance PSAR rangers' anticipatory guidance. Methods-We conducted an observational study of R2R hikers in the spring and fall of 2015. Hikers consented to study inclusion and were interviewed at the starting trailhead, canyon bottom, and exit trailhead. We performed a survey and collected biometric data. Results-We enrolled 617 visitors with a median age of 43 y (interquartile range [IQR] 33¡53); 65% were male and 46% had hiked the R2R a median number of 3 times previously (IQR 2¡7). Hydration strategies included water bottle only (20%), hydration bladder only (31%), and both water bottle and hydration bladder (48%). R2R crossers had an average start time of 0530 (SD 1.3 h) and median crossing time of 11.9 h (IQR 10.7¡13.3). Crossing time and self-reported fatigue were negatively correlated with prior R2R experience (P=0.02). Conclusions-Crossing R2R in a day is hazardous and associated with risk of injury and illness. The results of this study can be used by Preventive Search and Rescue to reduce these risks by educating hikers.

The purpose of this study was to identify whether positive relationships with adults at home, school, and in the community are protective for suicide among American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, and Anglo adolescents. Using data from the New Mexico version of the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we found that positive relationships with adults affected past-year suicide attempts differently in youth from the 3 groups. The final multivariable model for American Indian/Alaska Native youth included only positive relationships with adults in the home. Among Hispanic and Anglo youth, adults in the home and also in the community were protective.