Background: ACE2 and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are complex physiological systems that contribute to blood pressure control, whereas the activity and responsiveness of the ACE2 and RAAS be changed due to advanced age and hypertension. Aim: This study is to investigate the ACE2, Renin, Ang I, Ang II, and aldosterone levels in various ages of hypertensive men in order to provide insights into the effect of aging and high blood pressure on some body organs. Methods: It was compared ACE2, Renin, Ang I, Ang II, and aldosterone levels across 80 hypertensive men with ages between 30 years - 69 years. The persons were divided into four groups (20 men/group) according to their ages. The first group was 30-39 years, the second group was 40-49 years, the third group was 50-59 years, and the fourth group was 60-69. It used a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan s test for the groups. Results: It was observed that the concentration of ACE2 decreased significantly in different groups with advanced age (p ≤ 0.01), except in the fourth sample group vs. the third group. The renin was reduced considerably in other groups with aging (p ≤ 0.01), except in the second sample group vs. the first group. The peptides Angiotensin I (Ang I) and Angiotensin II (Ang II) had opposite growth directions, decreasing and increasing, respectively, it was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01). Also, aldosterone increased significantly in different groups with advanced age (p ≤ 0.01), not including the fourth group vs. the third group). Discussion: The physiological impact of these results is discussed according to the effects of hypertension and advanced age on all the studied parameters, particularly ACE2 deficiency and high levels of Ang II, pointed out an apparent dysfunction in blood pressure regulation during advanced age. Conclusions: ACE2 deficiency may be mediated by a series of dysfunctional events caused by the present changes in RAAS and other parameters in response to hypertension and advanced ages. Low renin levels and other following changes might cause an imbalance of Ang I and Ang II ratios. In addition, high levels of Ang II might reflect the unfavorable and negative changes that contributed to the disruption of many organs and systems during hypertension and advanced age.

Background: Vasopressin (AVP) hormone and total serum protein (including albumin) change during the progressive age in hypertensive men and are associated with cytokines release (endothelin-1 (ET-1)), leading to many renal and cardiovascular disorders. Aim: This study is to investigate AVP, ET-1, total protein, and serum albumin levels in various ages of hypertensive men to provide insights into the effects of aging and high blood pressure. Methods: The levels of AVP, ET-1, total protein, and serum albumin were compared in 80 hypertensive men as they aged, divided into four groups (20 men/group) based on their ages ranging from 30 to 69 years. The first group consisted of men aged 30-39 years, the second group included men aged 40-49 years, the third group had men aged 50-59 years, and the fourth group had men aged 60-69. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data, followed by Duncan s test for the groups. Results: AVP increased significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in different groups, except the fourth group against the third group. High levels of ET-1 were released significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in different groups except in the third group vs. the second group. Both serum albumin and total protein reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in different groups (with some exceptions). Discussion: The physiological impact of these results was discussed according to the effects of hypertension and advanced age on the studied parameters; particularly, AVP increment and high levels of ET-1 indicated an evident dysfunction in blood pressure regulation during advanced age. Conclusions: High levels of AVP hormone and its ability to constrictions of blood vessels and reabsorption of Na and water might be indicated as continuous and maintenance hypertension during advanced age. High levels of ET-1 detection might be pointed to a low-grade inflammation during hypertension and advanced age.